Exam question 3 · Illusions that fool the eye and adverts that fool the wallet

Whereas a price is stated as $9.99, select the response consistent with the established facts.

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you · What happens: state, select, establish · To what, where: price, response

This is exam question 3 of lesson 280 «Illusions that fool the eye and adverts that fool the wallet» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Whereas	whereas	SCONJ	_	5 stated	mark
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 price	det
3	price	price	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 stated	nsubj:pass
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 stated	aux:pass
5	stated	state	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 select	advcl
6	as	as	ADP	_	7 $	case
7	$	$	SYM	_	5 stated	obl
8	9.99	9.99	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	7 $	nummod
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 stated	punct
10	select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 response	det
12	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 select	obj
13	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 response	amod
14	with	with	ADP	_	17 facts	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 facts	det
16	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	17 facts	amod
17	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 consistent	obl
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	10 select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	state speech: other	present · passive		a price	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic
2	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
3	establish	participle			vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

It is approximately nine dollars

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 dollars	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 dollars	cop
3	approximately	approximately	ADV	_	4 nine	advmod
4	nine	nine	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	5 dollars	nummod
5	dollars	dollar	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	nine dollars					tree rules

Option 2

It is half the price of ten dollars

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 price	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 price	cop
3	half	half	DET	NumForm=Word NumType=Frac PronType=Ind	5 price	det:predet
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 price	det
5	price	price	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 dollars	case
7	ten	ten	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	8 dollars	nummod
8	dollars	dollar	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 price	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	half price				of ten dollars	tree rules

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

It is almost exactly the same as ten dollars

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 same	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 same	cop
3	almost	almost	ADV	_	4 exactly	advmod
4	exactly	exactly	ADV	_	6 same	advmod
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 same	det
6	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
7	as	as	ADP	_	9 dollars	case
8	ten	ten	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	9 dollars	nummod
9	dollars	dollar	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 same	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It					as ten dollars; exactly, same property	tree rules

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

It includes a further item of a value of one dollar, given free

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 includes	nsubj
2	includes	include	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 item	det
4	further	further	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 item	amod
5	item	item	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 includes	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 value	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 value	det
8	value	value	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 item	nmod
9	of	of	ADP	_	11 dollar	case
10	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	11 dollar	nummod
11	dollar	dollar	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 value	nmod
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 given	punct
13	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 item	acl
14	free	free	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 given	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	include	present	It	a further item of a value of one dollar		vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent item=Theme
2	give	participle		a further item of a value of one dollar not said here	free property	vn break_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient
3	value			one dollar		nom value «cognition transitive»: of=patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/280-illusions-and-adverts/e3/