Exam question 1 · Chain messages, lures and scam messages
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a request for payment by means of gift cards?
Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · What happens: follow, characteris, mean · To what, where: request
This is exam question 1 of lesson 282 «Chain messages, lures and scam messages» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 characterises | nsubj |
| 2 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 statements | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 statements | det |
| 4 | following | follow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 5 statements | amod |
| 5 | statements | statement | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 characterises | obl |
| 6 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 7 accurately | advmod |
| 7 | accurately | accurately | ADV | _ | 8 characterises | advmod |
| 8 | characterises | characteris | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 request | det |
| 10 | request | request | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 characterises | obj |
| 11 | for | for | ADP | _ | 12 payment | case |
| 12 | payment | payment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 request | nmod |
| 13 | by | by | ADP | _ | 14 means | case |
| 14 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 characterises | parataxis |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 cards | case |
| 16 | gift | gift | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 cards | compound |
| 17 | cards | card | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 means | obl |
| 18 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 8 characterises | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | follow | gerund | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 2 | characteris | present | a request | of the following statements; for payment; accurately property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | mean | present | of gift cards | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1
It is the safest and most trusted method of paying a stranger online
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 safest | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 safest | cop |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 safest | det |
| 4 | safest | safe | ADJ | Degree=Sup | root | root |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 method | cc |
| 6 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 7 trusted | advmod |
| 7 | trusted | trust | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 method | amod |
| 8 | method | method | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 safest | conj |
| 9 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 10 paying | mark |
| 10 | paying | pay | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 8 method | acl |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 stranger | det |
| 12 | stranger | stranger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 paying | obj |
| 13 | online | online | ADV | _ | 10 paying | advmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | It | safe property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | trust | participle | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 3 | pay | gerund | trusted method not said here | a stranger | online property | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stranger=Asset |
Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
Genuine businesses never request it, since gift cards cannot be traced or refunded
The tree, 14 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Genuine | genuine | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 businesses | amod |
| 2 | businesses | business | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 request | nsubj |
| 3 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 4 request | advmod |
| 4 | request | request | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 request | obj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 traced | punct |
| 7 | since | since | SCONJ | _ | 13 traced | mark |
| 8 | gift | gift | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 cards | compound |
| 9 | cards | card | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 traced | nsubj:pass |
| 10 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 13 traced | aux |
| 11 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 13 traced | advmod |
| 12 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 13 traced | aux:pass |
| 13 | traced | trace | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 request | parataxis |
| 14 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 15 refunded | cc |
| 15 | refunded | refund | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 traced | conj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not request | present | Genuine businesses | it | vn beg-58.2 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent it=Recipient | ||||
| 2 | not trace | can · passive | gift cards | vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 3 | refund | participle | vn give-13.1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent |
Option 3
It is the customary method of paying official fines
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 method | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 method | cop |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 method | det |
| 4 | customary | customary | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 method | compound |
| 5 | method | method | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 7 paying | mark |
| 7 | paying | pay | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 5 method | acl |
| 8 | official | official | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 fines | amod |
| 9 | fines | fine | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 paying | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | It | the customary method | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | pay | gerund | the customary method not said here | official fines | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fine=Asset |
Option 4
It is required by law for online purchases
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 required | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 required | aux:pass |
| 3 | required | require | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | by | by | ADP | _ | 5 law | case |
| 5 | law | law | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 required | obl |
| 6 | for | for | ADP | _ | 8 purchases | case |
| 7 | online | online | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 purchases | amod |
| 8 | purchases | purchase | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 required | obl:agent |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | require | present · passive | online purchases | It | by law | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme subject=Precondition |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/282-chain-messages-lures-and-scam-messages/e1/