Exam question 3 · Thinking like an animal

Select the response that is consistent with the established facts concerning animals that run away.

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, response, established facts, animals · What happens: select, be, establish, concern, run away · To what, where: response, animals

This is exam question 3 of lesson 30 «Thinking like an animal» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 consistent	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 consistent	cop
6	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 response	acl:relcl
7	with	with	ADP	_	10 facts	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 facts	det
9	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 facts	amod
10	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 consistent	obl
11	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 facts	acl
12	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 concerning	obj
13	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	14 run	nsubj
14	run	run	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 animals	acl:relcl
15	away	away	ADV	_	14 run	advmod
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response		vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	is	present	the response		with the established facts; consistent property	tree rules
3	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
4	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	animals		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus animal=Experiencer
5	run away	present	animals		away property	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Hunting animals ignore anything that runs away

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Hunting	hunt	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 animals	amod
2	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 ignore	nsubj
3	ignore	ignore	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	anything	anything	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	3 ignore	obj
5	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 runs	nsubj
6	runs	run	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 anything	acl:relcl
7	away	away	ADV	_	6 runs	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	hunt	gerund				vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	ignore	present	Hunting animals	anything		vn neglect-75.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent anything=Theme
3	run away	present			away property	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Hunting animals possess a strong instinct to pursue that which flees

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Hunting	hunt	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 animals	amod
2	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 possess	nsubj
3	possess	possess	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 instinct	det
5	strong	strong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 instinct	amod
6	instinct	instinct	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 possess	obj
7	to	to	PART	_	8 pursue	mark
8	pursue	pursue	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 possess	advcl
9	that	that	SCONJ	_	11 flees	mark
10	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	11 flees	nsubj
11	flees	flee	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 pursue	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	hunt	gerund			vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	possess	present	Hunting animals	a strong instinct	vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot instinct=Theme
3	pursue	to-infinitive	Hunting animals not said here		vn chase-51.6 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent
4	flee	present			vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

Running away always causes a hunting animal to stop

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Running	run	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 causes	csubj
2	away	away	ADV	_	1 Running	advmod
3	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	4 causes	advmod
4	causes	cause	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 animal	det
6	hunting	hunting	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 animal	compound
7	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 causes	obj
8	to	to	PART	_	9 stop	mark
9	stop	stop	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 animal	acl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	run away	gerund			away property	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	cause	present	Running	a hunting animal	always property	vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition animal=Patient
3	stop	to-infinitive	Running not said here	a hunting animal not said here		vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality

Option 4

Only prey animals give chase to things that run

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Only	only	ADV	_	2 prey	advmod
2	prey	prey	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 animals	compound
3	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 give	nsubj
4	give	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	chase	chase	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 give	obj
6	to	to	ADP	_	7 things	case
7	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 give	obl
8	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 run	nsubj
9	run	run	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 things	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	present	prey animals	chase	things				vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent chase=Theme to thing=Recipient
2	run	present	things						vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/30-thinking-like-an-animal/e3/