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Test 9 · ★ · Safe toys and fair board games

A boy in Dublin loses a game of snakes and ladders and blames his friend. What should he understand?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: boy · What happens: lose, blame, understand · To what, where: game, friend

This is test 9 · ★ of lesson 302 «Safe toys and fair board games» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A boy in Dublin loses a game of snakes and ladders and blames his friend.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 boy	det
2	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 loses	nsubj
3	in	in	ADP	_	4 Dublin	case
4	Dublin	Dublin	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 boy	nmod
5	loses	lose	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 game	det
7	game	game	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 loses	obj
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 snakes	case
9	snakes	snake	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 game	nmod
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 ladders	cc
11	ladders	ladder	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 snakes	conj
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 blames	cc
13	blames	blame	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 loses	conj
14	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	15 friend	nmod:poss
15	friend	friend	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 blames	obj
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 loses	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lose	present	a boy in Dublin	a game of snakes and ladders					vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent game=Eventuality
2	blame	present	a boy in Dublin not said here	boy's friend					vn judgment-33.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent friend=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What should he understand?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 understand	obj
2	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 understand	aux
3	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 understand	nsubj
4	understand	understand	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 understand	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	understand	should	boy						vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer what=Stimulus

The options

Option 1

The board was unfair to the player in blue

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 board	det
2	board	board	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 unfair	nsubj
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 unfair	cop
4	unfair	unfair	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	to	to	ADP	_	7 player	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 player	det
7	player	player	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 unfair	obl
8	in	in	ADP	_	9 blue	case
9	blue	blue	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 player	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	the board					to the player in blue; unfair property	tree rules

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

It is a game of chance, so nobody is to blame

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 game	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 game	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 game	det
4	game	game	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 chance	case
6	chance	chance	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 game	nmod
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 blame	punct
8	so	so	ADV	_	12 blame	advmod
9	nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	12 blame	nsubj
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 blame	cop
11	to	to	PART	_	12 blame	mark
12	blame	blame	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 game	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a game				of chance	tree rules
2	is	present	nobody					blame property	tree rules

Option 3

His friend must have cheated somehow

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	His	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 friend	nmod:poss
2	friend	friend	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 cheated	nsubj
3	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 cheated	aux
4	have	have	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	5 cheated	aux
5	cheated	cheat	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
6	somehow	somehow	ADV	_	5 cheated	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cheat	must · perfect	His friend					somehow property	vn cheat-10.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

He would have won if he had thought harder about where to land

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 won	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 won	aux
3	have	have	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	4 won	aux
4	won	win	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	if	if	SCONJ	_	8 thought	mark
6	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 thought	nsubj
7	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 thought	aux
8	thought	think	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	4 won	advcl
9	harder	hard	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	8 thought	xcomp
10	about	about	SCONJ	_	13 land	mark
11	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	13 land	advmod
12	to	to	PART	_	13 land	mark
13	land	land	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 harder	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	win	would · perfect	He						vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	think speech: other a condition, not said to happen	past · perfect	he					hard property	vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	land	to-infinitive	he not said here						vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/302-toys-and-board-games/t9/