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Test 7 · ★ · Pavements, crossings, cars, trains, airports and bikes

A boy's helmet is pushed back so his forehead is showing. What is wrong?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: forehead · What happens: push back, show, be · To what, where: helmet

This is test 7 · ★ of lesson 310 «Pavements, crossings, cars, trains, airports and bikes» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A boy's helmet is pushed back so his forehead is showing.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 boy	det
2	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 helmet	nmod:poss
3	's	's	PART	_	2 boy	case
4	helmet	helmet	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 pushed	nsubj:pass
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 pushed	aux:pass
6	pushed	push	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	back	back	ADV	_	6 pushed	advmod
8	so	so	SCONJ	_	12 showing	mark
9	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 forehead	nmod:poss
10	forehead	forehead	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 showing	nsubj
11	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 showing	aux
12	showing	show	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 pushed	advcl
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 pushed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	push back	present · passive		a boy's helmet					vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	show	present · progressive	boy's forehead						vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is wrong?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 wrong	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 wrong	cop
3	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 wrong	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						wrong property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

It should be worn without the strap

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 worn	nsubj:pass
2	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 worn	aux
3	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	4 worn	aux:pass
4	worn	wear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	without	without	ADP	_	7 strap	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 strap	det
7	strap	strap	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 worn	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	wear	should · passive		It				without the strap	vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: subject=Theme

Option 2

It should cover his eyes for more protection

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 cover	nsubj
2	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 cover	aux
3	cover	cover	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 eyes	nmod:poss
5	eyes	eye	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 cover	obj
6	for	for	ADP	_	8 protection	case
7	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	8 protection	amod
8	protection	protection	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 cover	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cover	should	It	his eyes				for more protection	vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme eye=Destination

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It must sit level just above the eyebrows to protect his forehead

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 sit	nsubj
2	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 sit	aux
3	sit	sit	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	level	level	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 sit	xcomp
5	just	just	ADV	_	8 eyebrows	advmod
6	above	above	ADP	_	8 eyebrows	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 eyebrows	det
8	eyebrows	eyebrow	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 sit	obl
9	to	to	PART	_	10 protect	mark
10	protect	protect	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 sit	advcl
11	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 forehead	nmod:poss
12	forehead	forehead	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 protect	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sit	must	It			the eyebrows		level property	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent above eyebrow=Location
2	protect	to-infinitive		his forehead					vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent forehead=Beneficiary

Option 4

Nothing, a helmet protects you whatever position it is sitting in

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	5 protects	nsubj
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Nothing	punct
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 helmet	det
4	helmet	helmet	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 protects	nsubj
5	protects	protect	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	5 protects	obj
7	whatever	whatever	DET	PronType=Int	8 position	det
8	position	position	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 protects	obj
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 sitting	nsubj
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 sitting	aux
11	sitting	sit	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	8 position	acl:relcl
12	in	in	ADV	_	11 sitting	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	protect	present	Nothing	you					tree rules
2	sit in	present · progressive	helmet	whatever position not said here					vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location position=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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