Test 4 · ★★ · Drinking water, cuts, bruises, head bumps, burns, growing… In the playground two children bump heads hard. One cries, the other says, «I'm fine.» Which is TRUE?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: two children, One, other · What happens: bump, cry, say, be · To what, where: heads, playground · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 4 · ★★ of lesson 318 «Drinking water, cuts, bruises, head bumps, burns, growing and needing glasses» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school .
The question Sentence 1: In the playground two children bump heads hard.
case det obl nummod nsubj obj xcomp punct root In ADP the DET playground NOUN two NUM children NOUN bump VERB heads NOUN hard ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 playground case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 playground det 3 playground playground NOUN Number=Sing 6 bump obl 4 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 5 children nummod 5 children child NOUN Number=Plur 6 bump nsubj 6 bump bump VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 heads head NOUN Number=Plur 6 bump obj 8 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 6 bump xcomp 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 bump punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 bump present two children heads the playground hard property vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: One cries, the other says, «I'm fine.»
nsubj punct det nsubj conj punct punct nsubj cop ccomp punct punct root One NUM cries VERB , PUNCT the DET other ADJ says VERB , PUNCT « PUNCT I PRON 'm AUX fine ADJ . PUNCT » PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 One one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 2 cries nsubj 2 cries cry VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 , , PUNCT _ 6 says punct 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 other det 5 other other ADJ Degree=Pos 6 says nsubj 6 says say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 cries conj 7 , , PUNCT _ 11 fine punct 8 « « PUNCT _ 11 fine punct 9 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 11 fine nsubj 10 'm be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 fine cop 11 fine fine ADJ Degree=Pos 6 says ccomp 12 . . PUNCT _ 11 fine punct 13 » » PUNCT _ 2 cries punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cry speech: express present One vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 say speech: assert present the other vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 3 is in a quote present the other = other fine property tree rules
Sentence 3: Which is TRUE?
nsubj cop punct root Which PRON is AUX TRUE ADJ ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Which which PRON PronType=Rel 3 TRUE nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 TRUE cop 3 TRUE true ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 TRUE punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present true property tree rules
The options Option 1 · ← Mova's choice Only the one who is crying needs help, because the other would feel it
The tree, 14 words advmod det nsubj nsubj aux acl:relcl obj punct mark det nsubj aux conj obj root Only ADV the DET one NOUN who PRON is AUX crying VERB needs VERB help NOUN , PUNCT because SCONJ the DET other ADJ would AUX feel VERB it PRON The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Only only ADV _ 3 one advmod 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 one det 3 one one NOUN Number=Sing 7 needs nsubj 4 who who PRON PronType=Rel 6 crying nsubj 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 crying aux 6 crying cry VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 3 one acl:relcl 7 needs need VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 8 help help NOUN Number=Sing 7 needs obj 9 , , PUNCT _ 14 feel punct 10 because because SCONJ _ 14 feel mark 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 other det 12 other other ADJ Degree=Pos 14 feel nsubj 13 would would AUX VerbForm=Fin 14 feel aux 14 feel feel VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 needs conj 15 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 feel obj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cry speech: express present · progressive the one vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 need present the one help vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot help=Theme 3 feel would the other help vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
Option 2 The one who is fine can keep playing alone
det nsubj nsubj cop acl:relcl aux xcomp advmod root The DET one NOUN who PRON is AUX fine ADJ can AUX keep VERB playing VERB alone ADV The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 one det 2 one one NOUN Number=Sing 7 keep nsubj 3 who who PRON PronType=Rel 5 fine nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 fine cop 5 fine fine ADJ Degree=Pos 2 one acl:relcl 6 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 7 keep aux 7 keep keep VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 8 playing play VERB VerbForm=Ger 7 keep xcomp 9 alone alone ADV _ 8 playing advmod
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the one fine property tree rules 2 keep can the one tree rules 3 play gerund the one not said here alone property vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Option 3 · ✓ the right answer Both should tell an adult, because head injuries need watching
nsubj aux det obj punct mark compound nsubj parataxis xcomp root Both DET should AUX tell VERB an DET adult NOUN , PUNCT because SCONJ head NOUN injuries NOUN need VERB watching VERB The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Both both DET PronType=Tot 3 tell nsubj 2 should should AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 tell aux 3 tell tell VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 adult det 5 adult adult NOUN Number=Sing 3 tell obj 6 , , PUNCT _ 10 need punct 7 because because SCONJ _ 10 need mark 8 head head NOUN Number=Sing 9 injuries compound 9 injuries injury NOUN Number=Plur 10 need nsubj 10 need need VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 tell parataxis 11 watching watch VERB VerbForm=Ger 10 need xcomp
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 tell speech: assert should Both a adult vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent adult=Recipient 2 need present head injuries vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme 3 watch not said to happen gerund head injuries not said here vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent
Option 4 Neither needs help if there is no blood
det nsubj mark expl advcl det nsubj root Neither DET needs NOUN help VERB if SCONJ there PRON is VERB no DET blood NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Neither neither DET PronType=Neg 2 needs det 2 needs need NOUN Number=Plur 3 help nsubj 3 help help VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 if if SCONJ _ 6 is mark 5 there there PRON PronType=Dem 6 is expl 6 is be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 help advcl 7 no no DET PronType=Neg 8 blood det 8 blood blood NOUN Number=Sing 6 is nsubj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 help present neither needs vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent 2 be a condition, not said to happen present no blood there vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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