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Test 7 · ★★ · Drinking water, cuts, bruises, head bumps, burns, growing…

Last year Sam was the shortest in class; this year he grew 8 centimetres. What does this show?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: Sam, this · What happens: be, grow, show · To what, where: class, 8 centimetres

This is test 7 · ★★ of lesson 318 «Drinking water, cuts, bruises, head bumps, burns, growing and needing glasses» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Last year Sam was the shortest in class; this year he grew 8 centimetres.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Last	last	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 year	amod
2	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 shortest	obl:unmarked
3	Sam	Sam	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 shortest	nsubj
4	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 shortest	cop
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 shortest	det
6	shortest	short	ADJ	Degree=Sup	root	root
7	in	in	ADP	_	8 class	case
8	class	class	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 shortest	obl
9	;	;	PUNCT	_	13 grew	punct
10	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	11 year	det
11	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 grew	obl:unmarked
12	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 grew	nsubj
13	grew	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 shortest	conj
14	8	8	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	15 centimetres	nummod
15	centimetres	centimetre	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 grew	obj
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 shortest	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	Sam			class	year	short property	tree rules
2	grow	past	Sam	8 centimetres			year		vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location centimetre=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What does this show?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 show	obj
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 show	aux
3	this	this	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	4 show	nsubj
4	show	show	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 show	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	present · do-support	this						vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent what=Recipient

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

People have growth spurts at different ages

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	People	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	nsubj
2	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	growth	growth	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 spurts	compound
4	spurts	spurt	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	obj
5	at	at	ADP	_	7 ages	case
6	different	different	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 ages	amod
7	ages	age	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	People	growth spurts			at different ages		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spurt=Patient

Option 2

Height can never change quickly

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Height	height	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 change	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 change	aux
3	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	4 change	advmod
4	change	change	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	quickly	quickly	ADV	_	4 change	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not change	can	Height					quickly property	vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 3

He must have stretched every night

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 stretched	nsubj:pass
2	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 stretched	aux
3	have	have	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	4 stretched	aux
4	stretched	stretch	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	6 night	det
6	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 stretched	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stretch	must · perfect · passive		He			night		vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient

Option 4

Sam must have been very ill last year and is now catching up

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sam	Sam	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 year	nsubj
2	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	8 year	aux
3	have	have	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	8 year	aux
4	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	8 year	cop
5	very	very	ADV	_	6 ill	advmod
6	ill	ill	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 year	amod
7	last	last	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 year	amod
8	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 catching	cc
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 catching	aux
11	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	12 catching	advmod
12	catching	catch	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	8 year	conj
13	up	up	ADP	_	12 catching	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	must · perfect	Sam	ill last year					tree rules
2	catch up	present · progressive	Sam not said here				now		vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/318-water-cuts-bruises-bumps-burns-growing-and-seeing/t7/