Exam question 1 · Manners: greeting every worker, handshakes, «How's it goin…

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the greeting «How's it going?» spoken in passing?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: greeting · What happens: follow, characteris, go, speak · To what, where: greeting, passing · Speech: someone speaks here

This is exam question 1 of lesson 323 «Manners: greeting every worker, handshakes, «How's it going?», introductions, goodbyes, please and thank you, excuse me, and table manners» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 greeting	det
10	greeting	greeting	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	«	«	PUNCT	_	15 going	punct
12	How	how	ADV	PronType=Int	15 going	advmod
13	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 going	aux
14	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 going	nsubj
15	going	go	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	8 characterises	advcl
16	?	?	PUNCT	_	15 going	punct
17	»	»	PUNCT	_	15 going	punct
18	spoken	speak	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	15 going	xcomp
19	in	in	ADP	_	20 passing	case
20	passing	passing	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 spoken	obl
21	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund					vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the greeting		of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	go in a quote	present · progressive	greeting				vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
4	speak speech: other	participle	greeting not said here		passing		vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

A genuine request for a full account of one's day, one's health and one's plans

The tree, 18 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 request	det
2	genuine	genuine	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 request	amod
3	request	request	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	for	for	ADP	_	7 account	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 account	det
6	full	full	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 account	amod
7	account	account	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 request	nmod
8	of	of	ADP	_	11 day	case
9	one	one	PRON	Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 day	nmod:poss
10	's	's	PART	_	9 one	case
11	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 account	nmod
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 health	punct
13	one	one	PRON	Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 health	nmod:poss
14	's	's	PART	_	13 one	case
15	health	health	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 request	conj
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	19 plans	cc
17	one	one	PRON	Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 plans	nmod:poss
18	's	's	PART	_	17 one	case
19	plans	plan	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 request	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	account			one's day					nom account «communication transitive»: of=patient
2	plan		one						nom plan «cognition transitive»: poss=agent

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

A greeting, to which «Good, thanks!» is sufficient

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 greeting	det
2	greeting	greeting	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 sufficient	nsubj
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 Good	punct
4	to	to	ADP	_	5 which	case
5	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 Good	obl
6	«	«	PUNCT	_	7 Good	punct
7	Good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 greeting	parataxis
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 thanks	punct
9	thanks	thanks	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 Good	parataxis
10	!	!	PUNCT	_	9 thanks	punct
11	»	»	PUNCT	_	7 Good	punct
12	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 sufficient	cop
13	sufficient	sufficient	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	a greeting					sufficient property	tree rules

Option 3

An insult requiring an apology

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 insult	det
2	insult	insult	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	requiring	require	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 insult	acl
4	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 apology	det
5	apology	apology	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 requiring	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	require	gerund	a insult not said here	a apology					vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme apology=Precondition

Option 4

An invitation to stop and converse at length

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 invitation	det
2	invitation	invitation	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	to	to	PART	_	4 stop	mark
4	stop	stop	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 invitation	acl
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 converse	cc
6	converse	converse	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 stop	conj
7	at	at	ADP	_	8 length	case
8	length	length	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 converse	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stop	to-infinitive							vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
2	converse speech: other	infinitive				length			vn chit_chat-37.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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