Exam question 1 · Outdoors: icy playgrounds, blisters, cliff edges, trail ma…

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the hazards of quarry water?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris, hazard · To what, where: hazards, quarry water

This is exam question 1 of lesson 325 «Outdoors: icy playgrounds, blisters, cliff edges, trail markers, quarries, campfire burns, river crossings, bridges and pool safety» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 hazards	det
10	hazards	hazard	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	13 water	case
12	quarry	quarry	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 water	compound
13	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 hazards	nmod
14	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present	the hazards of quarry water	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	hazard		quarry water		nom hazard «state transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It is dangerous only during rain

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 dangerous	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 dangerous	cop
3	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	only	only	ADV	_	6 rain	advmod
5	during	during	ADP	_	6 rain	case
6	rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 dangerous	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It				during rain	dangerous property	tree rules

Option 2

It is warm and shallow in summer, and therefore suitable for paddling

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 warm	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 warm	cop
3	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 shallow	cc
5	shallow	shallow	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 warm	conj
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 summer	case
7	summer	summer	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 shallow	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 suitable	punct
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 suitable	cc
10	therefore	therefore	ADV	_	11 suitable	advmod
11	suitable	suitable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 warm	conj
12	for	for	ADP	_	13 paddling	case
13	paddling	paddling	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 suitable	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It		warm property	tree rules
2	be			summer		tree rules
3	be				for paddling; therefore property	tree rules

Option 3

It is purified and safe for swimming

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 purified	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 purified	aux:pass
3	purified	purify	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 safe	cc
5	safe	safe	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 purified	conj
6	for	for	ADP	_	7 swimming	case
7	swimming	swimming	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 purified	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	purify	present · passive		It				for swimming	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

It is very cold and deep, with hidden machinery and ledges

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 cold	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 cold	cop
3	very	very	ADV	_	4 cold	advmod
4	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 deep	cc
6	deep	deep	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 cold	conj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 machinery	punct
8	with	with	ADP	_	10 machinery	case
9	hidden	hidden	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 machinery	amod
10	machinery	machinery	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 cold	parataxis
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 ledges	cc
12	ledges	ledge	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 machinery	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It					cold property	tree rules
2	be								tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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