Exam question 2 · Walking, seat belts, buses, airports, bike helmets, queues…

Identify the principal reason for which a cyclist does not ride up the inside of a lorry at a junction.

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, cyclist · What happens: identify, not ride up · To what, where: principal reason, inside, junction

This is exam question 2 of lesson 331 «Walking, seat belts, buses, airports, bike helmets, queues and tipping» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 reason	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reason	amod
4	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	11 ride	obl
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 cyclist	det
8	cyclist	cyclist	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 ride	nsubj
9	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 ride	aux
10	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	11 ride	advmod
11	ride	ride	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 reason	parataxis
12	up	up	ADP	_	11 ride	compound:prt
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 inside	det
14	inside	inside	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 ride	obj
15	of	of	ADP	_	17 lorry	case
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 lorry	det
17	lorry	lorry	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 inside	nmod
18	at	at	ADP	_	20 junction	case
19	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	20 junction	det
20	junction	junction	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 ride	obl
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal reason					vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme
2	not ride up	present · do-support	a cyclist	the inside of a lorry		a junction		for the principal reason	vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent inside=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

The inside lane is for buses

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 lane	det
2	inside	inside	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 lane	amod
3	lane	lane	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 buses	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 buses	cop
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 buses	case
6	buses	bus	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the inside lane					for buses	tree rules

Option 2

Lorries drive more slowly than bicycles and so cause delays

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Lorries	lorry	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 drive	nsubj
2	drive	drive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	4 slowly	advmod
4	slowly	slowly	ADV	_	2 drive	advmod
5	than	than	ADP	_	6 bicycles	case
6	bicycles	bicycle	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 drive	obl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 delays	cc
8	so	so	ADV	_	10 delays	advmod
9	cause	cause	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 delays	compound
10	delays	delay	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 bicycles	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	drive	present	Lorries					than bicycles and cause delays; slowly property	vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent

Option 3

It is merely impolite

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 impolite	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 impolite	cop
3	merely	merely	ADV	_	4 impolite	advmod
4	impolite	impolite	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It					impolite, merely property	tree rules

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The driver cannot see them and the lorry may turn across

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 driver	det
2	driver	driver	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 see	nsubj
3	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 see	aux
4	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	5 see	advmod
5	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 see	obj
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 turn	cc
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 lorry	det
9	lorry	lorry	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 turn	nsubj
10	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	11 turn	aux
11	turn	turn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 see	conj
12	across	across	ADV	_	11 turn	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not see	can	the driver	them = they					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer they=Stimulus
2	turn	may	the lorry					across property	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/331-walking-seat-belts-buses-airports-bikes-and-tipping/e2/