Exam question 1 · Breaking things and hiding the pieces

Select the response that is consistent with the established facts concerning the concealment of damage caused accidentally.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, response, established facts, concealment · What happens: select, be, establish, concern, cause, conceal · To what, where: response, damage

This is exam question 1 of lesson 342 «Breaking things and hiding the pieces» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 consistent	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 consistent	cop
6	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 response	acl:relcl
7	with	with	ADP	_	10 facts	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 facts	det
9	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 facts	amod
10	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 consistent	obl
11	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 facts	acl
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 concealment	det
13	concealment	concealment	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 caused	nsubj
14	of	of	ADP	_	15 damage	case
15	damage	damage	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 concealment	nmod
16	caused	cause	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 concerning	ccomp
17	accidentally	accidentally	ADV	_	16 caused	advmod
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response		vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	is	present	the response		with the established facts; consistent property	tree rules
3	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
4	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here			tree rules
5	cause	past	the concealment of damage		accidentally property	vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition
6	conceal			damage		nom concealment «state transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Concealment has no bearing upon the trust of others

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Concealment	concealment	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 has	nsubj
2	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	4 bearing	det
4	bearing	bearing	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 has	obj
5	upon	upon	ADP	_	7 trust	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 trust	det
7	trust	trust	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 bearing	nmod
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 others	case
9	others	other	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 trust	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	Concealment	no bearing				upon the trust of others	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bearing=Patient
2	trust		others						nom trust «possession intransitive»: of=agent

Option 2

Concealment invariably prevents any consequence

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Concealment	concealment	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 prevents	nsubj
2	invariably	invariably	ADV	_	3 prevents	advmod
3	prevents	prevent	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	5 consequence	det
5	consequence	consequence	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 prevents	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	prevent	present	Concealment	any consequence				invariably property	vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer consequence=Theme

Option 3

Concealment is permissible where the article is of low value and readily replaced

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Concealment	concealment	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 permissible	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 permissible	cop
3	permissible	permissible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	10 value	advmod
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 article	det
6	article	article	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 value	nsubj
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 value	cop
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 value	case
9	low	low	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 value	amod
10	value	value	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 permissible	obl
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 replaced	cc
12	readily	readily	ADV	_	13 replaced	advmod
13	replaced	replace	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 permissible	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	is	present	Concealment	permissible property	tree rules
2	is	present	the article	of low value	tree rules
3	replace	participle	Concealment not said here	readily property	vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Concealment commonly aggravates both the damage and the distress of the owner

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Concealment	concealment	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 aggravates	nsubj
2	commonly	commonly	ADV	_	3 aggravates	advmod
3	aggravates	aggravate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	both	both	CCONJ	_	6 damage	cc:preconj
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 damage	det
6	damage	damage	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 aggravates	obj
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 distress	cc
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 distress	det
9	distress	distress	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 damage	conj
10	of	of	ADP	_	12 owner	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 owner	det
12	owner	owner	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 distress	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	aggravate	present	Concealment	the damage and the distress of the owner				commonly property	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus damage=Experiencer
2	distress			the owner					nom distress «feeling transitive»: of=patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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