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Test 1 · ★ · Speaking up is bravery too

Head teacher: «Anyone see who smashed the window?» Total silence. What's the brave thing if you saw?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Anyone, brave thing, you · What happens: see, smash, be · To what, where: Head teacher, window, brave thing · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 1 · ★ of lesson 368 «Speaking up is bravery too» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Head teacher: «Anyone see who smashed the window?»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 teacher	compound
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	:	:	PUNCT	_	6 see	punct
4	«	«	PUNCT	_	6 see	punct
5	Anyone	anyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	6 see	nsubj
6	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 teacher	acl:relcl
7	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 smashed	nsubj
8	smashed	smash	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 see	ccomp
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 window	det
10	window	window	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 smashed	obj
11	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 teacher	punct
12	»	»	PUNCT	_	2 teacher	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	see in a quote	infinitive	Anyone	Head teacher not said here					tree rules
2	smash in a quote	past		the window					vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent window=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Total silence.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Total	total	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 silence	amod
2	silence	silence	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 silence	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Sentence 3: What's the brave thing if you saw?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 What	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 thing	det
4	brave	brave	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 thing	amod
5	thing	thing	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 What	nsubj
6	if	if	SCONJ	_	8 saw	mark
7	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	8 saw	nsubj
8	saw	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 thing	acl:relcl
9	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the brave thing						tree rules
2	see a condition, not said to happen	past	you	the brave thing not said here					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer thing=Stimulus

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Keep quiet, because nobody ever likes a grass

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Keep	keep	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	quiet	quiet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Keep	xcomp
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 likes	punct
4	because	because	SCONJ	_	7 likes	mark
5	nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	7 likes	nsubj
6	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	7 likes	advmod
7	likes	like	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Keep	parataxis
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 grass	det
9	grass	grass	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 likes	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	imperative	you not said here					quiet property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	like	present	nobody	a grass			ever		vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot grass=Theme

Option 2

Say you saw nothing and leave

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Say	say	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	3 saw	nsubj
3	saw	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	1 Say	ccomp
4	nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	3 saw	obj
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 leave	cc
6	leave	leave	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	1 Say	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	imperative	you not said here						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	see	past	you	nothing					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer nothing=Stimulus
3	leave	infinitive	you not said here						vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

Blame someone you don't like

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Blame	blame	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	1 Blame	obj
3	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	6 like	nsubj
4	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 like	aux
5	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	6 like	advmod
6	like	like	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 someone	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	blame	imperative	you not said here	someone					vn judgment-33.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent someone=Theme
2	not like	present · do-support	you						vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Put your hand up and say what you saw

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Put	put	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 hand	nmod:poss
3	hand	hand	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Put	obj
4	up	up	ADP	_	1 Put	compound:prt
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 say	cc
6	say	say	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	1 Put	conj
7	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	9 saw	obj
8	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	9 saw	nsubj
9	saw	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 say	ccomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	put up	imperative	you not said here	your hand					vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent hand=Goal
2	say speech: assert	infinitive	you not said here						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	see	past	you						vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer what=Stimulus

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/368-speaking-up-is-bravery-too/t1/