Exam question 1 · Taking care of your things and money

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the distinction between a need and a want?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: distinction

This is exam question 1 of lesson 37 «Taking care of your things and money» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 distinction	det
10	distinction	distinction	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	between	between	ADP	_	13 need	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 need	det
13	need	need	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 distinction	nmod
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 want	cc
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 want	det
16	want	want	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 need	conj
17	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the distinction				of the following statements; between a need and a want; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

A need is necessary, such as food or shelter, whereas a want is pleasant but unnecessary

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 need	det
2	need	need	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 necessary	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 necessary	cop
4	necessary	necessary	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 food	punct
6	such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP	8 food	case
7	as	as	ADP	_	6 such	fixed
8	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 necessary	conj
9	or	or	CCONJ	_	10 shelter	cc
10	shelter	shelter	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 food	conj
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 whereas	punct
12	whereas	wherea	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 necessary	conj
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 want	det
14	want	want	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 pleasant	nsubj
15	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 pleasant	cop
16	pleasant	pleasant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 whereas	ccomp
17	but	but	CCONJ	_	18 unnecessary	cc
18	unnecessary	unnecessary	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 pleasant	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	is	present	a need	necessary property	tree rules
2	wherea	present	a need not said here		tree rules
3	is	present	a want	pleasant property	tree rules
4	be		a want not said here		tree rules

Option 2

A want is necessary, whereas a need is a luxury

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 want	det
2	want	want	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 necessary	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 necessary	cop
4	necessary	necessary	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 luxury	punct
6	whereas	whereas	SCONJ	_	11 luxury	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 need	det
8	need	need	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 luxury	nsubj
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 luxury	cop
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 luxury	det
11	luxury	luxury	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 necessary	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	a want					necessary property	tree rules
2	is	present	a need					whereas a luxury	tree rules

Option 3

Needs and wants are identical in every respect

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Needs	need	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 identical	nsubj
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 wants	cc
3	wants	want	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Needs	conj
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 identical	cop
5	identical	identical	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 respect	case
7	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	8 respect	det
8	respect	respect	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 identical	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Needs and wants			every respect		identical property	tree rules

Option 4

A need is anything advertised on television

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 need	det
2	need	need	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 anything	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 anything	cop
4	anything	anything	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	root	root
5	advertised	advertise	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 anything	acl
6	on	on	ADP	_	7 television	case
7	television	television	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 advertised	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	a need	anything					tree rules
2	advertise	participle				television			vn indicate-78 «NP V how S»: agent=Pivot

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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