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Test 11 · ★ · Jake, always in bruises

Jake helped a little one get a ball off the roof. Next day the Year 3s asked him to play in goal. Why?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Jake, little one, Year 3s · What happens: help, get, ask, play · To what, where: little one, ball, Jake, goal

This is test 11 · ★ of lesson 372 «Jake, always in bruises» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Jake helped a little one get a ball off the roof.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Jake	Jake	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 helped	nsubj
2	helped	help	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 one	det
4	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 one	amod
5	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 helped	obj
6	get	get	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 helped	xcomp
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 ball	det
8	ball	ball	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 get	obj
9	off	off	ADP	_	11 roof	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 roof	det
11	roof	roof	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 get	obl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 helped	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	help	past	Jake	a little one					vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent one=Beneficiary clause=Theme
2	get	infinitive	a little one not said here	a ball				off the roof	vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer ball=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Next day the Year 3s asked him to play in goal.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Next	next	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 day	amod
2	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 asked	obl:unmarked
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 3s	det
4	Year	Year	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 3s	compound
5	3s	3	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 asked	nsubj
6	asked	ask	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 asked	iobj
8	to	to	PART	_	9 play	mark
9	play	play	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 asked	xcomp
10	in	in	ADP	_	11 goal	case
11	goal	goal	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 play	obl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 asked	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ask speech: ask	past	the Year 3s		Jake		day		vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S_INF»: agent=Agent he=Recipient clause=Topic
2	play not said to happen	to-infinitive	the Year 3s not said here			goal			vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Sentence 3: Why?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	root	root
2	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 Why	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

Kindness made them stop being scared of him

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Kindness	kindness	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 made	nsubj
2	made	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 made	obj
4	stop	stop	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 made	xcomp
5	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 scared	cop
6	scared	scared	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 stop	xcomp
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 him	case
8	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 scared	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	past	Kindness	them = they					tree rules
2	stop	infinitive	them = they not said here						vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
3	is	gerund	them = they not said here					of Kindness; scared property	tree rules

Option 2

They had nobody else at all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 had	nsubj
2	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	2 had	obj
4	else	else	ADV	_	3 nobody	advmod
5	at	at	ADP	_	6 all	case
6	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	2 had	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	past	They	nobody		all			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nobody=Patient

Option 3

They wanted him to climb up and fall off the roof

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 wanted	nsubj
2	wanted	want	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 wanted	obj
4	to	to	PART	_	5 climb	mark
5	climb	climb	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 wanted	xcomp
6	up	up	ADP	_	5 climb	compound:prt
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 fall	cc
8	fall	fall	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 climb	conj
9	off	off	ADP	_	8 fall	compound:prt
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 roof	det
11	roof	roof	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 fall	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	want	past	They	him = he					tree rules
2	climb up not said to happen	to-infinitive	him = he not said here						vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	fall off	infinitive	him = he not said here	the roof					vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V NP.extent PP.source PP.goal»: agent=Patient roof=Extent

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

He told them they had to

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 told	nsubj
2	told	tell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 told	iobj
4	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 had	nsubj
5	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 told	ccomp
6	to	to	PART	_	5 had	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tell speech: assert	past	He		them = they				vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent they=Recipient clause=Topic
2	have	past	they						vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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