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Test 9 · ★ · Jake, always in bruises

A bruise that started purple is now yellow-green a week later. What is happening?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: bruise · What happens: start, be, happen · To what, where: purple

This is test 9 · ★ of lesson 372 «Jake, always in bruises» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A bruise that started purple is now yellow-green a week later.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 bruise	det
2	bruise	bruise	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 yellow	nsubj
3	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 started	nsubj
4	started	start	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 bruise	acl:relcl
5	purple	purple	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 started	obj
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 yellow	cop
7	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	8 yellow	advmod
8	yellow	yellow	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
9	-	-	PUNCT	_	10 green	punct
10	green	green	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 yellow	conj
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 week	det
12	week	week	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 later	obl:unmarked
13	later	late	ADV	Degree=Cmp	8 yellow	advmod
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 yellow	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	start	past	a bruise	purple					vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent purple=Eventuality
2	is	present	a bruise				now	late, yellow property	tree rules
3	be		a bruise not said here						tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is happening?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 happening	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 happening	aux
3	happening	happen	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 happening	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	happen	present · progressive							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It is a new bruise on top

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 bruise	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 bruise	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 bruise	det
4	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 bruise	amod
5	bruise	bruise	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	on	on	ADP	_	7 top	case
7	top	top	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 bruise	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a new bruise		top			tree rules

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

The body is slowly clearing the bruise

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 body	det
2	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 clearing	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 clearing	aux
4	slowly	slowly	ADV	_	5 clearing	advmod
5	clearing	clear	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 bruise	det
7	bruise	bruise	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 clearing	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	clear	present · progressive	the body	the bruise				slowly property	vn clear-10.3-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent bruise=Source

Option 3

The skin underneath has caught a nasty infection

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 skin	det
2	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 caught	nsubj:pass
3	underneath	underneath	ADV	_	2 skin	advmod
4	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 caught	aux
5	caught	catch	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 infection	det
7	nasty	nasty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 infection	amod
8	infection	infection	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 caught	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	catch	present · perfect · passive		the skin					vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: subject=Beneficiary infection=Theme

Option 4

The bruise is getting worse and spreading

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 bruise	det
2	bruise	bruise	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 getting	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 getting	aux
4	getting	get	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	worse	bad	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	4 getting	xcomp
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 spreading	cc
7	spreading	spread	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 getting	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	get	present · progressive	the bruise					bad property	vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer
2	spread	gerund	the bruise not said here						vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/372-jake-always-in-bruises/t9/