Exam question 1 · What fights cost: bruises, noses and teeth

Identify the principal action required where a person has struck their head upon the ground and subsequently become unusually quiet.

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you · What happens: identify, require, strike, become · To what, where: principal action, person

This is exam question 1 of lesson 374 «What fights cost: bruises, noses and teeth» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 action	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 action	amod
4	action	action	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	required	require	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 action	acl
6	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	10 struck	advmod
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 person	det
8	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 struck	nsubj:pass
9	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 struck	aux
10	struck	strike	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 required	advcl
11	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 head	nmod:poss
12	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 struck	obj
13	upon	upon	ADP	_	15 ground	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 ground	det
15	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 struck	obl
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 become	cc
17	subsequently	subsequently	ADV	_	18 become	advmod
18	become	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Identify	conj
19	unusually	unusually	ADV	_	20 quiet	advmod
20	quiet	quiet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 become	xcomp
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal action		vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent action=Theme
2	require	participle		the principal action not said here		vn require-103-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Theme
3	strike	present · perfect · passive		a person	upon the ground	vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP ADJP»: subject=Patient head=Result
4	become	present	you not said here		quiet, subsequently property	vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

The emergency services ought to be summoned and an adult informed without delay

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 services	det
2	emergency	emergency	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 services	compound
3	services	service	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 summoned	nsubj:pass
4	ought	ought	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 summoned	aux
5	to	to	PART	_	7 summoned	mark
6	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	7 summoned	aux:pass
7	summoned	summon	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 informed	cc
9	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 adult	det
10	adult	adult	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 informed	nsubj
11	informed	inform	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 summoned	conj
12	without	without	ADP	_	13 delay	case
13	delay	delay	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 informed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	summon	ought · passive		the emergency services					vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Recipient
2	inform speech: other	participle	a adult					without delay	vn tell-37.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

The person ought to be escorted home unaccompanied by another pupil in order to rest

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 person	det
2	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 escorted	nsubj:pass
3	ought	ought	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 escorted	aux
4	to	to	PART	_	6 escorted	mark
5	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	6 escorted	aux:pass
6	escorted	escort	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	home	home	ADV	_	8 unaccompanied	advmod
8	unaccompanied	unaccompanied	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 escorted	xcomp
9	by	by	ADP	_	11 pupil	case
10	another	another	DET	PronType=Ind	11 pupil	det
11	pupil	pupil	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 escorted	obl
12	in	in	SCONJ	ExtPos=SCONJ	15 rest	mark
13	order	order	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 in	fixed
14	to	to	PART	_	15 rest	mark
15	rest	rest	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 escorted	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	escort	ought · passive	another pupil	the person				unaccompanied property	vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme
2	rest	to-infinitive	another pupil not said here						vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

No action is required unless bleeding is observed

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	DET	PronType=Neg	2 action	det
2	action	action	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 required	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 required	aux:pass
4	required	require	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	unless	unless	SCONJ	_	8 observed	mark
6	bleeding	bleeding	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 observed	nsubj:pass
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 observed	aux:pass
8	observed	observe	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 required	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	require	present · passive		no action					vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Precondition
2	observe a condition, not said to happen	present · passive		bleeding					vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic

Option 4

The person ought to be left to rest undisturbed

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 person	det
2	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 left	nsubj:pass
3	ought	ought	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 left	aux
4	to	to	PART	_	6 left	mark
5	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	6 left	aux:pass
6	left	leave	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	to	to	PART	_	8 rest	mark
8	rest	rest	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 left	advcl
9	undisturbed	undisturbed	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 rest	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	leave	ought · passive		the person					vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	rest	to-infinitive						undisturbed property	vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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