Exam question 2 · What fights cost: bruises, noses and teeth

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the principle of equality in respect of physical violence?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · What happens: follow, characteris, respect · To what, where: principle, respect, physical violence

This is exam question 2 of lesson 374 «What fights cost: bruises, noses and teeth» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 principle	det
10	principle	principle	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 equality	case
12	equality	equality	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 principle	nmod
13	in	in	ADP	_	14 respect	case
14	respect	respect	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obl
15	of	of	ADP	_	17 violence	case
16	physical	physical	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 violence	amod
17	violence	violence	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 respect	nmod
18	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present	the principle of equality	respect of physical violence	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	respect		physical violence			nom respect «cognition transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Equality has no bearing upon physical violence

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Equality	equality	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 has	nsubj
2	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	4 bearing	det
4	bearing	bearing	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 has	obj
5	upon	upon	ADP	_	7 violence	case
6	physical	physical	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 violence	amod
7	violence	violence	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 bearing	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	Equality	no bearing				upon physical violence	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bearing=Patient

Option 2

Equality permits any person whatsoever to strike any other person

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Equality	equality	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 permits	nsubj
2	permits	permit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	4 person	det
4	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 permits	obj
5	whatsoever	whatsoever	ADV	_	2 permits	advmod
6	to	to	PART	_	7 strike	mark
7	strike	strike	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 permits	advcl
8	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	10 person	det
9	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 person	amod
10	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 strike	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	permit	present	Equality	any person				whatsoever property	vn admit-64.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent person=Theme
2	strike	to-infinitive	Equality not said here	any other person					vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent person=Instrument

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Equality requires that no person strike any other person

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Equality	equality	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 requires	nsubj
2	requires	require	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	that	that	SCONJ	_	6 strike	mark
4	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	5 person	det
5	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 strike	nsubj
6	strike	strike	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 requires	xcomp
7	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	9 person	det
8	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 person	amod
9	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 strike	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	require	present	Equality						vn require-103-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Precondition
2	strike	infinitive	no person	any other person					vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent person=Instrument

Option 4

Equality permits retaliation by either sex

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Equality	equality	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 permits	compound
2	permits	permit	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 retaliation	compound
3	retaliation	retaliation	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	6 sex	case
5	either	either	DET	PronType=Ind	6 sex	det
6	sex	sex	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 retaliation	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	retaliate		either sex						nom retaliation «act transitive»: by=agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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