Test 2 · ★★ · Self-defence or just stupid?
«Kieran got kicked so he ran after the lad and booted him back, fair's fair». Is it self-defence?
Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Kieran, lad · What happens: kick, run, boot back, be · To what, where: Kieran, self defence
This is test 2 · ★★ of lesson 377 «Self-defence or just stupid?» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: «Kieran got kicked so he ran after the lad and booted him back, fair's fair».
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 4 kicked | punct |
| 2 | Kieran | Kieran | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 kicked | nsubj |
| 3 | got | get | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 kicked | aux:pass |
| 4 | kicked | kick | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | so | so | ADV | _ | 7 ran | advmod |
| 6 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 ran | nsubj |
| 7 | ran | run | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 kicked | conj |
| 8 | after | after | ADP | _ | 10 lad | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 lad | det |
| 10 | lad | lad | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 ran | obl |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 booted | cc |
| 12 | booted | boot | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 ran | conj |
| 13 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 booted | obj |
| 14 | back | back | ADV | _ | 12 booted | advmod |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 fair | punct |
| 16 | fair | fair | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 fair | nmod:poss |
| 17 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 16 fair | case |
| 18 | fair | fair | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 booted | parataxis |
| 19 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 18 fair | punct |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 kicked | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | kick in a quote | past · passive | Kieran | vn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: subject=Patient | |||||
| 2 | run in a quote | past | Kieran | after the lad | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | boot back in a quote | past | Kieran not said here | Kieran | vn banish-10.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Is it self-defence?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 defence | cop |
| 2 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 defence | nsubj |
| 3 | self | self | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 defence | compound |
| 4 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 3 self | punct |
| 5 | defence | defence | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 5 defence | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | lad | self defence | tree rules |
The options
Option 1
Only if he kicked softer
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Only | only | ADV | _ | 4 kicked | advmod |
| 2 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 4 kicked | mark |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 kicked | nsubj |
| 4 | kicked | kick | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | softer | soft | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 4 kicked | xcomp |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | kick | past | he | soft property | vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient |
Option 2 · ← Mova's choice
Yes, he was kicked first, so he's allowed to kick back
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Yes | yes | INTJ | Polarity=Pos | 5 kicked | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Yes | punct |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 kicked | nsubj |
| 4 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 kicked | aux:pass |
| 5 | kicked | kick | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | first | first | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 5 kicked | advmod |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 allowed | punct |
| 8 | so | so | ADV | _ | 11 allowed | advmod |
| 9 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 allowed | nsubj:pass |
| 10 | 's | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 allowed | aux:pass |
| 11 | allowed | allow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 kicked | conj |
| 12 | to | to | PART | _ | 13 kick | mark |
| 13 | kick | kick | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 allowed | xcomp |
| 14 | back | back | ADV | _ | 13 kick | advmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | kick | past · passive | he | first property | vn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: subject=Patient | ||||
| 2 | allow | present · passive | he | vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP S»: subject=Beneficiary clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 3 | kick back not said to happen | to-infinitive | he not said here | vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient |
Option 3
Yes, it's only fair
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Yes | yes | INTJ | Polarity=Pos | 6 fair | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Yes | punct |
| 3 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 fair | nsubj |
| 4 | 's | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 fair | cop |
| 5 | only | only | ADV | _ | 6 fair | advmod |
| 6 | fair | fair | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | it | fair property | tree rules |
Option 4 · ✓ the right answer
No, chasing someone to hit back is revenge
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | No | no | INTJ | Polarity=Neg | 9 revenge | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 chasing | punct |
| 3 | chasing | chase | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 9 revenge | csubj |
| 4 | someone | someone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 3 chasing | obj |
| 5 | to | to | PART | _ | 6 hit | mark |
| 6 | hit | hit | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 someone | acl |
| 7 | back | back | ADV | _ | 6 hit | advmod |
| 8 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 revenge | cop |
| 9 | revenge | revenge | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | chase | gerund | someone | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent someone=Theme | |||||
| 2 | hit back | to-infinitive | someone not said here | vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | is a | present | chasing | revenge | tree rules |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/377-self-defence-or-just-stupid/t2/