Exam question 1 · Maddie's nose and Connor's «equality»

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the principle of equality as it pertains to physical conduct between pupils?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: principle · What happens: follow, characteris, pertain · To what, where: principle

This is exam question 1 of lesson 379 «Maddie's nose and Connor's «equality»» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 principle	det
10	principle	principle	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 equality	case
12	equality	equality	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 principle	nmod
13	as	as	SCONJ	_	15 pertains	mark
14	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 pertains	nsubj
15	pertains	pertain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 characterises	advcl
16	to	to	ADP	_	18 conduct	case
17	physical	physical	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 conduct	amod
18	conduct	conduct	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 pertains	obl
19	between	between	ADP	_	20 pupils	case
20	pupils	pupil	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 conduct	nmod
21	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the principle of equality	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	pertain	present	principle		to physical conduct between pupils	vn relate-86.2-2 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme to conduct=Co-Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Male pupils may strike female pupils who have previously shoved them in line

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Male	male	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 pupils	amod
2	pupils	pupil	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 strike	nsubj
3	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 strike	aux
4	strike	strike	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	female	female	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 pupils	amod
6	pupils	pupil	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 strike	obj
7	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 shoved	nsubj
8	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 shoved	aux
9	previously	previously	ADV	_	10 shoved	advmod
10	shoved	shove	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	6 pupils	acl:relcl
11	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 shoved	obj
12	in	in	ADP	_	13 line	case
13	line	line	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 shoved	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	strike	may	Male pupils	female pupils					vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent pupil=Instrument
2	shove	present · perfect	female pupils	pupils = pupil		line		previously property	vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent they=Theme in line=Destination

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Every pupil is owed equal respect and is bound by the rule that none may strike another

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	2 pupil	det
2	pupil	pupil	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 owed	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 owed	aux:pass
4	owed	owe	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	equal	equal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 respect	amod
6	respect	respect	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 owed	obj
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 bound	cc
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 bound	aux:pass
9	bound	bind	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 owed	conj
10	by	by	ADP	_	12 rule	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 rule	det
12	rule	rule	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 bound	obl
13	that	that	SCONJ	_	16 strike	mark
14	none	none	PRON	PronType=Neg	16 strike	nsubj
15	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	16 strike	aux
16	strike	strike	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	12 rule	acl
17	another	another	DET	PronType=Ind	16 strike	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	owe	present · passive		every pupil	vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.goal NP»: subject=Goal respect=Theme
2	bind	present · passive	the rule		vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient
3	strike	may	none	another	vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent another=Patient

Option 3

Every pupil is equally entitled to strike any other pupil who has first provoked them

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	2 pupil	det
2	pupil	pupil	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 entitled	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 entitled	aux:pass
4	equally	equally	ADV	_	5 entitled	advmod
5	entitled	entitle	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	to	to	PART	_	7 strike	mark
7	strike	strike	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 entitled	xcomp
8	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	10 pupil	det
9	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 pupil	amod
10	pupil	pupil	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 strike	obj
11	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	14 provoked	nsubj:pass
12	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 provoked	aux
13	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	14 provoked	advmod
14	provoked	provoke	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 pupil	acl:relcl
15	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 provoked	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	entitle	present · passive	every pupil	equally property	tree rules
2	strike	to-infinitive	any other pupil		vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent pupil=Instrument
3	provoke	present · perfect · passive	any other pupil	first property	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Experiencer they=Result

Option 4

Female pupils are exempt from all rules of conduct governing physical contact

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Female	female	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 pupils	amod
2	pupils	pupil	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 exempt	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 exempt	cop
4	exempt	exempt	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	from	from	ADP	_	7 rules	case
6	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	7 rules	det
7	rules	rule	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 exempt	obl
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 conduct	case
9	conduct	conduct	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 rules	nmod
10	governing	govern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	9 conduct	acl
11	physical	physical	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 contact	amod
12	contact	contact	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 governing	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is	present	Female pupils		all rules of conduct	exempt property	tree rules
2	govern	gerund	conduct not said here	physical contact			vn supervision-95.2.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent contact=Theme
3	rule		conduct				nom rule «cognition intransitive»: of=agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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