Test 4 · ★★ · Street gangs and loyalty Mum: «Has your brother been out with them older lads again?» Lily knows he has. What's best?
Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: Mum, Lily · What happens: have, be, know · To what, where: brother, older lads · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 4 · ★★ of lesson 383 «Street gangs and loyalty» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school .
The question Sentence 1: Mum: «Has your brother been out with them older lads again?»
nsubj punct punct advcl nmod:poss obj cop compound:prt case obl amod advmod punct punct root Mum NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT Has VERB your PRON brother NOUN been AUX out ADP with ADP them PRON older ADJ lads NOUN again ADV ? PUNCT » PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mum mum NOUN Number=Sing 12 lads nsubj 2 : : PUNCT _ 4 Has punct 3 « « PUNCT _ 4 Has punct 4 Has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 lads advcl 5 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 brother nmod:poss 6 brother brother NOUN Number=Sing 4 Has obj 7 been be AUX Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 12 lads cop 8 out out ADP _ 7 been compound:prt 9 with with ADP _ 10 them case 10 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 been obl 11 older old ADJ Degree=Cmp 12 lads amod 12 lads lad NOUN Number=Plur root root 13 again again ADV _ 12 lads advmod 14 ? ? PUNCT _ 12 lads punct 15 » » PUNCT _ 12 lads punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have in a quote present Mum not said here your brother vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent brother=Patient 2 is a in a quote participle Mum older lads again tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Lily knows he has.
nsubj nsubj ccomp punct root Lily PROPN knows VERB he PRON has VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Lily Lily PROPN Number=Sing 2 knows nsubj 2 knows know VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 has nsubj 4 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 knows ccomp 5 . . PUNCT _ 2 knows punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 know present Lily vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus 2 have present Lily vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Sentence 3: What's best?
nsubj cop punct root What PRON 's AUX best ADJ ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 What what PRON PronType=Int 3 best nsubj 2 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 best cop 3 best good ADJ Degree=Sup root root 4 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 best punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present good property tree rules
The options Option 1 Say she doesn't know anything
nsubj aux advmod ccomp obj root Say VERB she PRON does AUX n't PART know VERB anything PRON The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Say say VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 know nsubj 3 does do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 know aux 4 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 5 know advmod 5 know know VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Say ccomp 6 anything anything PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 5 know obj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert imperative you not said here vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 not know present · do-support she anything vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer anything=Stimulus
Option 2 Say yes but beg Mum not to talk to him
discourse cc compound nsubj advmod mark ccomp case obl root Say VERB yes INTJ but CCONJ beg NOUN Mum NOUN not PART to PART talk VERB to ADP him PRON The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Say say VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 yes yes INTJ Polarity=Pos 8 talk discourse 3 but but CCONJ _ 5 Mum cc 4 beg beg NOUN Number=Sing 5 Mum compound 5 Mum mum NOUN Number=Sing 8 talk nsubj 6 not not PART Polarity=Neg 8 talk advmod 7 to to PART _ 8 talk mark 8 talk talk VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Say ccomp 9 to to ADP _ 10 him case 10 him he PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 talk obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert imperative you not said here vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 not talk to-infinitive beg Mum him = he vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to he=Co-Agent
Option 3 Say no, to protect him from getting in trouble
discourse punct mark parataxis obj mark advcl case obl root Say VERB no INTJ , PUNCT to PART protect VERB him PRON from SCONJ getting VERB in ADP trouble NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Say say VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 no no INTJ Polarity=Neg 1 Say discourse 3 , , PUNCT _ 5 protect punct 4 to to PART _ 5 protect mark 5 protect protect VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Say parataxis 6 him he PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 protect obj 7 from from SCONJ _ 8 getting mark 8 getting get VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 5 protect advcl 9 in in ADP _ 10 trouble case 10 trouble trouble NOUN Number=Sing 8 getting obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert imperative you not said here vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 2 protect to-infinitive him = he vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Beneficiary 3 get gerund trouble vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer
Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer Tell Mum the truth, because she can help him
obj det obj punct mark nsubj aux conj obj root Tell VERB Mum NOUN the DET truth NOUN , PUNCT because SCONJ she PRON can AUX help VERB him PRON The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Tell tell VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 Mum mum NOUN Number=Sing 1 Tell obj 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 truth det 4 truth truth NOUN Number=Sing 1 Tell obj 5 , , PUNCT _ 9 help punct 6 because because SCONJ _ 9 help mark 7 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 help nsubj 8 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 9 help aux 9 help help VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Tell conj 10 him he PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 help obj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 tell speech: assert imperative you not said here the truth Mum vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent mum=Recipient truth=Topic 2 help can she him = he vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Beneficiary
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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