Exam question 3 · Adults who help and adults who don't

It is given that a pupil has reported mistreatment to an adult who has declined to act. Select the course of action most consistent with established guidance.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: adult, you · What happens: give, report, decline, not act, select, establish · To what, where: It, pupil, adult, course

This is exam question 3 of lesson 392 «Adults who help and adults who don't» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: It is given that a pupil has reported mistreatment to an adult who has declined to act.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 given	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 given	aux:pass
3	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	that	that	SCONJ	_	8 reported	mark
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 pupil	det
6	pupil	pupil	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 reported	nsubj:pass
7	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 reported	aux
8	reported	report	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 given	advcl
9	mistreatment	mistreatment	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 reported	xcomp
10	to	to	ADP	_	12 adult	case
11	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 adult	det
12	adult	adult	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 reported	obl
13	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	15 declined	nsubj
14	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 declined	aux
15	declined	decline	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	12 adult	acl:relcl
16	to	to	PART	_	17 act	mark
17	act	act	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	15 declined	xcomp
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 given	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	roles by
1	give	present · passive		It		vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	report	present · perfect · passive		a pupil	a adult	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Topic to adult=Recipient
3	decline	present · perfect	a adult			vn reject-77.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
4	not act	to-infinitive	a adult not said here			vn act-114-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Select the course of action most consistent with established guidance.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 course	det
3	course	course	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 action	case
5	action	action	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 course	nmod
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 consistent	advmod
7	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 action	amod
8	with	with	ADP	_	10 guidance	case
9	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 guidance	amod
10	guidance	guidance	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 consistent	obl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the course of action					vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent course=Theme
2	establish	participle							vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The pupil ought to report the matter to another adult until it is addressed

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 pupil	det
2	pupil	pupil	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 report	nsubj
3	ought	ought	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 report	aux
4	to	to	PART	_	5 report	mark
5	report	report	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 matter	det
7	matter	matter	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 report	obj
8	to	to	ADP	_	10 adult	case
9	another	another	DET	PronType=Ind	10 adult	det
10	adult	adult	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 report	obl
11	until	until	SCONJ	_	14 addressed	mark
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 addressed	nsubj:pass
13	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 addressed	aux:pass
14	addressed	address	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 report	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	report	ought	the pupil	the matter	another adult				vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent matter=Topic to adult=Recipient
2	address	present · passive		pupil					vn illustrate-25.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Destination

Option 2

The pupil ought to accept that the matter cannot be resolved by any adult at all

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 pupil	det
2	pupil	pupil	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 accept	nsubj
3	ought	ought	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 accept	aux
4	to	to	PART	_	5 accept	mark
5	accept	accept	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	that	that	SCONJ	_	12 resolved	mark
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 matter	det
8	matter	matter	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 resolved	nsubj:pass
9	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	12 resolved	aux
10	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	12 resolved	advmod
11	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	12 resolved	aux:pass
12	resolved	resolve	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 accept	advcl
13	by	by	ADP	_	15 adult	case
14	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	15 adult	det
15	adult	adult	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 resolved	obl
16	at	at	ADP	_	17 all	case
17	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	12 resolved	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	accept	ought	the pupil						vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	not resolve	can · passive	any adult	the matter		all			tree rules

Option 3

The pupil ought to resolve the matter by physical means

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 pupil	det
2	pupil	pupil	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 resolve	nsubj
3	ought	ought	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 resolve	aux
4	to	to	PART	_	5 resolve	mark
5	resolve	resolve	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 means	csubj
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 matter	det
7	matter	matter	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 resolve	obj
8	by	by	ADP	_	9 physical	case
9	physical	physical	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 resolve	obl
10	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	resolve	ought	the pupil	the matter				by physical	tree rules
2	mean	present							vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent

Option 4

The pupil ought to refrain from all further reporting

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 pupil	det
2	pupil	pupil	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 refrain	nsubj
3	ought	ought	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 refrain	aux
4	to	to	PART	_	5 refrain	mark
5	refrain	refrain	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	from	from	ADP	_	9 reporting	case
7	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	9 reporting	det
8	further	further	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 reporting	amod
9	reporting	reporting	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 refrain	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	refrain	ought	the pupil			all further reporting			vn refrain-69 «NP V PP.theme S_ING»: agent=Agent from reporting=Eventuality

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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