Exam question 4 · Making peace between the streets
State the conclusion consistent with the established facts concerning the restoration of peace between rival groups.
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: state, establish, concern · To what, where: conclusion, restoration
This is exam question 4 of lesson 394 «Making peace between the streets» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | State | state | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 conclusion | det |
| 3 | conclusion | conclusion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 State | obj |
| 4 | consistent | consistent | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 1 State | xcomp |
| 5 | with | with | ADP | _ | 8 facts | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 facts | det |
| 7 | established | establish | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 facts | amod |
| 8 | facts | fact | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 consistent | obl |
| 9 | concerning | concern | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 8 facts | acl |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 restoration | det |
| 11 | restoration | restoration | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 concerning | obj |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 peace | case |
| 13 | peace | peace | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 restoration | nmod |
| 14 | between | between | ADP | _ | 16 groups | case |
| 15 | rival | rival | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 groups | compound |
| 16 | groups | group | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 peace | nmod |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 State | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | state speech: other | imperative | you not said here | the conclusion | consistent property | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent conclusion=Topic | |||
| 2 | establish | participle | vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot | ||||||
| 3 | concern | gerund | the established facts not said here | the restoration of peace between rival groups | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus restoration=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
Peace is established solely through a single formal declaration
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Peace | peace | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 established | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 established | aux:pass |
| 3 | established | establish | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | solely | solely | ADV | _ | 3 established | advmod |
| 5 | through | through | ADP | _ | 9 declaration | case |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 declaration | det |
| 7 | single | single | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 declaration | amod |
| 8 | formal | formal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 declaration | amod |
| 9 | declaration | declaration | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 established | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | establish | present · passive | Peace | through a single formal declaration; solely property | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient through declaration=Instrument |
Option 2
Peace is unattainable once hostilities have commenced
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Peace | peace | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 unattainable | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 unattainable | cop |
| 3 | unattainable | unattainable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | once | once | SCONJ | _ | 7 commenced | mark |
| 5 | hostilities | hostility | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 commenced | nsubj |
| 6 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 commenced | aux |
| 7 | commenced | commence | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 3 unattainable | advcl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | Peace | unattainable property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | commence | present · perfect | hostilities | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
Option 3 · ✓ the right answer
Peace is customarily established through numerous modest joint undertakings
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Peace | peace | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 established | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 established | aux:pass |
| 3 | customarily | customarily | ADV | _ | 4 established | advmod |
| 4 | established | establish | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | through | through | ADP | _ | 9 undertakings | case |
| 6 | numerous | numerous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 undertakings | amod |
| 7 | modest | modest | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 undertakings | amod |
| 8 | joint | joint | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 undertakings | amod |
| 9 | undertakings | undertaking | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 established | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | establish | present · passive | Peace | through numerous modest joint undertakings; customarily property | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient through undertaking=Instrument |
Option 4
Peace is established only when one group withdraws entirely
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Peace | peace | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 established | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 established | aux:pass |
| 3 | established | establish | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | only | only | ADV | _ | 3 established | advmod |
| 5 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 8 withdraws | mark |
| 6 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 7 group | nummod |
| 7 | group | group | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 withdraws | nsubj |
| 8 | withdraws | withdraw | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 established | advcl |
| 9 | entirely | entirely | ADV | _ | 8 withdraws | advmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | establish | present · passive | Peace | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | |||||
| 2 | withdraw | present | one group | entirely property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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