Exam question 1 · Copying game moves on a little brother

Ascertain the principal distinction between injuries sustained by a character in a video game and those sustained by a person.

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: you · What happens: ascertain, sustain · To what, where: principal distinction, injuries, video game

This is exam question 1 of lesson 403 «Copying game moves on a little brother» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 distinction	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 distinction	amod
4	distinction	distinction	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Ascertain	obj
5	between	between	ADP	_	6 injuries	case
6	injuries	injury	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 distinction	nmod
7	sustained	sustain	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 injuries	acl
8	by	by	ADP	_	10 character	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 character	det
10	character	character	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 sustained	obl
11	in	in	ADP	_	14 game	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 game	det
13	video	video	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 game	compound
14	game	game	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 sustained	obl
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 those	cc
16	those	that	PRON	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	14 game	nmod
17	sustained	sustain	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	16 those	acl
18	by	by	ADP	_	20 person	case
19	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	20 person	det
20	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 sustained	obl
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Ascertain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	ascertain	imperative	you not said here	the principal distinction		between injuries	vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent distinction=Topic
2	sustain	participle		injuries not said here	a video game those	by a character	vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent
3	sustain	participle				by a person	vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

A character's injuries are of greater severity

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 character	det
2	character	character	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 injuries	nmod:poss
3	's	's	PART	_	2 character	case
4	injuries	injury	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 severity	nsubj
5	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 severity	cop
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 severity	case
7	greater	great	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	8 severity	amod
8	severity	severity	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	a character's injuries					of greater severity	tree rules
2	injure		a character						nom injury «state transitive»: poss=agent

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Injuries to a person persist and may be grave, whereas a character is restored

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Injuries	injury	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 persist	nsubj
2	to	to	ADP	_	4 person	case
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 person	det
4	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Injuries	nmod
5	persist	persist	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 grave	cc
7	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	9 grave	aux
8	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	9 grave	cop
9	grave	grave	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 persist	conj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 whereas	punct
11	whereas	wherea	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 persist	parataxis
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 character	det
13	character	character	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 restored	nsubj:pass
14	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 restored	aux:pass
15	restored	restore	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	11 whereas	ccomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	persist	infinitive	Injuries to a person			vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is	may	Injuries to a person not said here		grave property	tree rules
3	wherea	present				tree rules
4	restore	present · passive		a character		vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: subject=Theme

Option 3

There is no distinction of any significance

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	There	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	2 is	expl
2	is	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	4 distinction	det
4	distinction	distinction	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 is	nsubj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 significance	case
6	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	7 significance	det
7	significance	significance	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 distinction	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	be	present	no distinction of any significance			there			vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	distinguish			any significance					nom distinction «cognition transitive»: of=patient

Option 4

Injuries to a person, as to a character, disappear upon the commencement of a new round

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Injuries	injury	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 disappear	nsubj
2	to	to	ADP	_	4 person	case
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 person	det
4	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Injuries	nmod
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 character	punct
6	as	as	ADP	ExtPos=ADP	9 character	case
7	to	to	ADP	_	6 as	fixed
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 character	det
9	character	character	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 person	conj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Injuries	punct
11	disappear	disappear	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
12	upon	upon	ADP	_	14 commencement	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 commencement	det
14	commencement	commencement	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 disappear	obl
15	of	of	ADP	_	18 round	case
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 round	det
17	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 round	amod
18	round	round	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 commencement	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	disappear	infinitive	Injuries to a person and a character					upon the commencement of a new round	vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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