Exam question 3 · Copying game moves on a little brother

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the conduct of young children in respect of the words and actions of older children?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: older children · What happens: follow, characteris, conduct, respect, act · To what, where: conduct, young children, words

This is exam question 3 of lesson 403 «Copying game moves on a little brother» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 conduct	det
10	conduct	conduct	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	13 children	case
12	young	young	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 children	amod
13	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 conduct	nmod
14	in	in	ADP	_	15 respect	case
15	respect	respect	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 children	nmod
16	of	of	ADP	_	18 words	case
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 words	det
18	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 respect	nmod
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 actions	cc
20	actions	action	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 words	conj
21	of	of	ADP	_	23 children	case
22	older	old	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	23 children	amod
23	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 actions	nmod
24	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the conduct of young children in respect of the words and actions of older children	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	conduct			young children in respect of the words and actions of older children		nom conduct «act transitive»: of=patient
4	respect			the words and actions of older children		nom respect «cognition transitive»: of=patient
5	act		older children			nom action «act intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Young children imitate only their own parents

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Young	young	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 children	amod
2	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 imitate	nsubj
3	imitate	imitate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	only	only	ADV	_	7 parents	advmod
5	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 parents	nmod:poss
6	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 parents	amod
7	parents	parent	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 imitate	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	imitate	present	Young children	children's own parents					vn patent-101 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Young children are disposed to imitate them

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Young	young	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 children	amod
2	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 disposed	nsubj:pass
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 disposed	aux:pass
4	disposed	dispose	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	6 imitate	mark
6	imitate	imitate	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 disposed	xcomp
7	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 imitate	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	dispose	present · passive		Young children					tree rules
2	imitate	to-infinitive		children = child					vn patent-101 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme

Option 3

Young children invariably disregard them entirely

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Young	young	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 children	amod
2	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 disregard	nsubj
3	invariably	invariably	ADV	_	4 disregard	advmod
4	disregard	disregard	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 disregard	obj
6	entirely	entirely	ADV	_	4 disregard	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	disregard	present	Young children	them = they				entirely, invariably property	vn neglect-75.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme

Option 4

Young children imitate solely that which is harmless

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Young	young	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 children	amod
2	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 imitate	nsubj
3	imitate	imitate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	solely	solely	ADV	_	3 imitate	advmod
5	that	that	SCONJ	_	8 harmless	mark
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 harmless	nsubj
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 harmless	cop
8	harmless	harmless	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 imitate	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	imitate	present	Young children					solely property	vn patent-101 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	is	present						harmless property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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