Exam question 1 · Buses, trains and being seen

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the danger zone surrounding a school bus?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: danger zone · What happens: follow, characteris, surround · To what, where: danger zone, school bus

This is exam question 1 of lesson 43 «Buses, trains and being seen» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 zone	det
10	danger	danger	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 zone	compound
11	zone	zone	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
12	surrounding	surround	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	11 zone	acl
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 bus	det
14	school	school	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 bus	compound
15	bus	bus	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 surrounding	obj
16	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the danger zone	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	surround	gerund	the danger zone not said here	a school bus		vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme bus=Co-Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

The bus stop at which the bus waits whilst the children board and alight in turn

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 stop	det
2	bus	bus	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 stop	compound
3	stop	stop	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	at	at	ADP	_	5 which	case
5	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 waits	obl
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 bus	det
7	bus	bus	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 waits	nsubj
8	waits	wait	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 stop	parataxis
9	whilst	whilst	SCONJ	_	12 board	mark
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 board	det
11	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 board	compound
12	board	board	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 waits	xcomp
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 alight	cc
14	alight	alight	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 board	conj
15	in	in	ADP	_	16 turn	case
16	turn	turn	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 waits	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	wait	present	the bus	the children board		the bus stop		in turn	vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at which=Location

Option 2

The area within the bus reserved for teachers

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 area	det
2	area	area	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 reserved	nsubj
3	within	within	ADP	_	5 bus	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 bus	det
5	bus	bus	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 area	nmod
6	reserved	reserve	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	for	for	ADP	_	8 teachers	case
8	teachers	teacher	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 reserved	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	reserve	past	the area within the bus					for teachers	vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent for teacher=Beneficiary

Option 3

The road ahead of the bus where it may not stop

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 road	det
2	road	road	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	ahead	ahead	ADV	_	2 road	advmod
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 bus	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 bus	det
6	bus	bus	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 road	nmod
7	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	11 stop	advmod
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 stop	nsubj
9	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	11 stop	aux
10	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	11 stop	advmod
11	stop	stop	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 bus	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not stop	may	bus						vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The area about the bus within which the driver cannot see a child well

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 area	det
2	area	area	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	about	about	ADP	_	5 bus	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 bus	det
5	bus	bus	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 area	nmod
6	within	within	ADP	_	7 which	case
7	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	12 see	obl
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 driver	det
9	driver	driver	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 see	nsubj
10	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	12 see	aux
11	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	12 see	advmod
12	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 area	acl:relcl
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 child	det
14	child	child	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 see	obj
15	well	well	ADV	Degree=Pos	12 see	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not see	can	the driver	a child				within the area about the bus; well property	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer child=Stimulus

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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