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Test 6 · Buses, trains and being seen

A boy has to stand on a busy bus with no free seats. What should he do?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: boy · What happens: have, stand, do · To what, where: busy bus

This is test 6 of lesson 43 «Buses, trains and being seen» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A boy has to stand on a busy bus with no free seats.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 boy	det
2	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 has	nsubj
3	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 stand	mark
5	stand	stand	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 has	xcomp
6	on	on	ADP	_	9 bus	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 bus	det
8	busy	busy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 bus	amod
9	bus	bus	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 stand	obl
10	with	with	ADP	_	13 seats	case
11	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	13 seats	det
12	free	free	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 seats	amod
13	seats	seat	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 stand	obl
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 has	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	a boy						tree rules
2	stand	to-infinitive	a boy not said here			a busy bus		with no free seats	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on bus=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What should he do?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 do	obj
2	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 do	aux
3	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 do	nsubj
4	do	do	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 do	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	should	boy						vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality

The options

Option 1

Sit on the floor near the driver

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sit	sit	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	on	on	ADP	_	4 floor	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 floor	det
4	floor	floor	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Sit	obl
5	near	near	ADP	_	7 driver	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 driver	det
7	driver	driver	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Sit	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sit	imperative	you not said here			the floor		near the driver	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on floor=Location

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Hold a handrail firmly

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Hold	hold	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 handrail	det
3	handrail	handrail	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Hold	obj
4	firmly	firmly	ADV	_	1 Hold	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hold	imperative	you not said here	a handrail				firmly property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent handrail=Theme

Option 3

Stand in the middle without holding on

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Stand	stand	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	in	in	ADP	_	4 middle	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 middle	det
4	middle	middle	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Stand	obl
5	without	without	SCONJ	_	6 holding	mark
6	holding	hold	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	1 Stand	advcl
7	on	on	ADP	_	6 holding	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stand	imperative	you not said here			the middle			vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in middle=Location
2	hold on	gerund	you not said here						vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

Lean against the doors

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Lean	lean	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	against	against	ADP	_	4 doors	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 doors	det
4	doors	door	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Lean	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lean	imperative	you not said here			the doors			vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent against door=Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/43-buses-trains-and-being-seen/t6/