Test 5 · Buses, trains and being seen

Why should a child step back from the platform edge when a fast train is passing?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: child, fast train · What happens: step back, pass · To what, where: platform edge

This is test 5 of lesson 43 «Buses, trains and being seen» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	5 step	advmod
2	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 step	aux
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 child	det
4	child	child	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 step	nsubj
5	step	step	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	back	back	ADV	_	5 step	advmod
7	from	from	ADP	_	10 edge	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 edge	det
9	platform	platform	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 edge	compound
10	edge	edge	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 step	obl
11	when	when	SCONJ	_	16 passing	mark
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 train	det
13	fast	fast	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 train	amod
14	train	train	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 passing	nsubj
15	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 passing	aux
16	passing	pass	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 step	advcl
17	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 step	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	step back	should	a child			the platform edge			vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from edge=Trajectory
2	pass	present · progressive	a fast train						vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

The platform edge is only for staff

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 edge	det
2	platform	platform	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 edge	compound
3	edge	edge	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 staff	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 staff	cop
5	only	only	ADV	_	7 staff	advmod
6	for	for	ADP	_	7 staff	case
7	staff	staff	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the platform edge					for staff	tree rules

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

Fast trains are always about to stop at the platform, so you must make room for them

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Fast	fast	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 trains	amod
2	trains	train	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 about	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 about	cop
4	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	5 about	advmod
5	about	about	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	to	to	PART	_	7 stop	mark
7	stop	stop	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 about	xcomp
8	at	at	ADP	_	10 platform	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 platform	det
10	platform	platform	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 stop	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 make	punct
12	so	so	ADV	_	15 make	advmod
13	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	15 make	nsubj
14	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	15 make	aux
15	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 about	conj
16	room	room	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 make	obj
17	for	for	ADP	_	18 them	case
18	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 make	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is	present	Fast trains			about, always property	tree rules
2	stop	to-infinitive	Fast trains not said here		the platform		vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at platform=Location
3	make	must	you	room		for trains = train	vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP P.asset»: agent=Agent room=Product for they=Asset

Option 3

Trains spray water when they pass

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Trains	train	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 spray	nsubj
2	spray	spray	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 spray	obj
4	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	6 pass	advmod
5	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 pass	nsubj
6	pass	pass	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 spray	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	spray	present	Trains	water					vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent water=Theme
2	pass	present	Trains = train						vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

The rush of air and the train itself can pull or hit someone close

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 rush	det
2	rush	rush	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 pull	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 air	case
4	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 rush	nmod
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 train	cc
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 train	det
7	train	train	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 rush	nmod
8	itself	itself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Emp Reflex=Yes	7 train	nmod:unmarked
9	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 pull	aux
10	pull	pull	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
11	or	or	CCONJ	_	12 hit	cc
12	hit	hit	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 pull	conj
13	someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	12 hit	obj
14	close	close	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 hit	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	pull	can	the rush of air the train rush			vn slide-11.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	hit	infinitive	the rush of air the train rush not said here	someone	close property	vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme someone=Co-Theme
3	rush			air		nom rush «act transitive»: of=patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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