Test 10 · ★ · Lies that grow: one lie needs three more
Teacher's sign on the wall: «If you're in a hole, stop digging.» What does it mean for lies?
Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, sign, Teacher · What happens: be, stop, dig, sign, mean · To what, where: hole, wall
This is test 10 · ★ of lesson 430 «Lies that grow: one lie needs three more» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: Teacher's sign on the wall: «If you're in a hole, stop digging.»
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Teacher | teacher | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 sign | nmod:poss |
| 2 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 1 Teacher | case |
| 3 | sign | sign | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 stop | nsubj |
| 4 | on | on | ADP | _ | 6 wall | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 wall | det |
| 6 | wall | wall | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 sign | nmod |
| 7 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 16 stop | punct |
| 8 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 16 stop | punct |
| 9 | If | if | SCONJ | _ | 14 hole | mark |
| 10 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 14 hole | nsubj |
| 11 | 're | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 hole | cop |
| 12 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 hole | case |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 hole | det |
| 14 | hole | hole | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 stop | advcl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 hole | punct |
| 16 | stop | stop | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 17 | digging | dig | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 16 stop | xcomp |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 16 stop | punct |
| 19 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 16 stop | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a condition, not said to happen, in a quote | present | you | a hole | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | stop in a quote | infinitive | Teacher's sign on the wall | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 3 | dig in a quote | gerund | Teacher's sign on the wall not said here | vn create-26.4-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | sign | Teacher | the wall | nom sign «communication transitive»: poss=agent on=place |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What does it mean for lies?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 4 mean | obj |
| 2 | does | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 mean | aux |
| 3 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 mean | nsubj |
| 4 | mean | mean | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | for | for | ADP | _ | 6 lies | case |
| 6 | lies | lie | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 mean | obl |
| 7 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 4 mean | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | mean | present · do-support | sign | for lies | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot what=Theme for lie=Attribute |
The options
Option 1
Keep going until you're out of the hole
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Keep | keep | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | going | go | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 1 Keep | xcomp |
| 3 | until | until | SCONJ | _ | 6 out | mark |
| 4 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 6 out | nsubj |
| 5 | 're | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 out | cop |
| 6 | out | out | ADP | _ | 9 hole | case |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 hole | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 hole | det |
| 9 | hole | hole | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 going | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | keep | imperative | you not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | go | gerund | you not said here | the hole | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme out hole=Initial_Location |
Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
Stop adding lies and tell the truth
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Stop | stop | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | adding | add | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 3 lies | amod |
| 3 | lies | lie | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Stop | obj |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 tell | cc |
| 5 | tell | tell | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 1 Stop | conj |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 truth | det |
| 7 | truth | truth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 tell | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stop | imperative | you not said here | adding lies | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality lie=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | add speech: assert | gerund | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 3 | tell speech: assert | infinitive | you not said here | the truth | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent truth=Recipient |
Option 3
Holes are dangerous at school
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Holes | hole | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 dangerous | nsubj |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 dangerous | cop |
| 3 | dangerous | dangerous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | at | at | ADP | _ | 5 school | case |
| 5 | school | school | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 dangerous | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | Holes | school | dangerous property | tree rules |
Option 4
Never play in the sandpit
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 2 play | advmod |
| 2 | play | play | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | in | in | ADP | _ | 5 sandpit | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 sandpit | det |
| 5 | sandpit | sandpit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 play | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not play | imperative | you not said here | the sandpit | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/430-lies-that-grow-one-lie-needs-three-more/t10/