Test 8 · ★ · Lies that grow: one lie needs three more Lucy: «and Elsa gave me her REAL crown». Her friend says «yeah nah» and changes the subject. Why is that worse than a fight?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Lucy, Elsa, friend · What happens: give, crown, say, change, be · To what, where: REAL crown, me, subject · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 8 · ★ of lesson 430 «Lies that grow: one lie needs three more» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school .
The question Sentence 1: Lucy: «and Elsa gave me her REAL crown».
nsubj punct punct cc nsubj iobj nmod:poss amod obj punct punct root Lucy PROPN : PUNCT « PUNCT and CCONJ Elsa PROPN gave VERB me PRON her PRON REAL ADJ crown NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Lucy Lucy PROPN Number=Sing 6 gave nsubj 2 : : PUNCT _ 1 Lucy punct 3 « « PUNCT _ 6 gave punct 4 and and CCONJ _ 6 gave cc 5 Elsa Elsa PROPN Number=Sing 6 gave nsubj 6 gave give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 6 gave iobj 8 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 crown nmod:poss 9 REAL real ADJ Degree=Pos 10 crown amod 10 crown crown NOUN Number=Sing 6 gave obj 11 » » PUNCT _ 10 crown punct 12 . . PUNCT _ 6 gave punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give in a quote past Lucy Elsa's REAL crown me vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient crown=Theme 2 crown in a quote Elsa nom crown «communication transitive»: poss=agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Her friend says «yeah nah» and changes the subject.
nmod:poss nsubj punct discourse discourse punct cc conj det obj punct root Her PRON friend NOUN says VERB « PUNCT yeah INTJ nah INTJ » PUNCT and CCONJ changes VERB the DET subject NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 friend nmod:poss 2 friend friend NOUN Number=Sing 3 says nsubj 3 says say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 « « PUNCT _ 6 nah punct 5 yeah yeah INTJ _ 6 nah discourse 6 nah nah INTJ _ 3 says discourse 7 » » PUNCT _ 6 nah punct 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 changes cc 9 changes change VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 says conj 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 subject det 11 subject subject NOUN Number=Sing 9 changes obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 says punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert present Elsa's friend vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 2 change present Elsa's friend not said here the subject vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient
Sentence 3: Why is that worse than a fight?
advmod cop mark case det obl punct root Why ADV is AUX that SCONJ worse ADJ than ADP a DET fight NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Why why ADV PronType=Int 4 worse advmod 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 worse cop 3 that that SCONJ _ 4 worse mark 4 worse bad ADJ Degree=Cmp root root 5 than than ADP _ 7 fight case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 fight det 7 fight fight NOUN Number=Sing 4 worse obl 8 ? ? PUNCT _ 4 worse punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present than a fight; bad property tree rules
The options Option 1 · ← Mova's choice It means she believes every word of it
nsubj nsubj ccomp det obj case nmod root It PRON means VERB she PRON believes VERB every DET word NOUN of ADP it PRON The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 believes nsubj 4 believes believe VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 means ccomp 5 every every DET PronType=Tot 6 word det 6 word word NOUN Number=Sing 4 believes obj 7 of of ADP _ 8 it case 8 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 word nmod
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present It vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 believe present she every word of word vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer word=Stimulus 3 word word nom word «communication transitive»: of=patient
Option 2 It means she secretly wants the crown
nsubj nsubj advmod ccomp det obj root It PRON means VERB she PRON secretly ADV wants VERB the DET crown NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 wants nsubj 4 secretly secretly ADV _ 5 wants advmod 5 wants want VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 means ccomp 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 crown det 7 crown crown NOUN Number=Sing 5 wants obj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present It vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 want present she the crown secretly property vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot crown=Theme
Option 3 It means Lucy won
nsubj nsubj ccomp root It PRON means VERB Lucy PROPN won VERB The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 Lucy Lucy PROPN Number=Sing 4 won nsubj 4 won win VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 means ccomp
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present It vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 win past Lucy vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Option 4 · ✓ the right answer It shows she has stopped believing Lucy
nsubj nsubj aux ccomp xcomp obj root It PRON shows VERB she PRON has AUX stopped VERB believing VERB Lucy PROPN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 shows nsubj 2 shows show VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 stopped nsubj 4 has have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 stopped aux 5 stopped stop VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 2 shows ccomp 6 believing believe VERB VerbForm=Ger 5 stopped xcomp 7 Lucy Lucy PROPN Number=Sing 6 believing obj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 show present It vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 stop present · perfect she vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality 3 believe gerund she not said here Lucy vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer lucy=Stimulus
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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