Exam question 4 · Pools, lakes and ice

Select the response that is consistent with the established facts concerning lakes and rivers.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, response · What happens: select, be, establish, concern · To what, where: response

This is exam question 4 of lesson 45 «Pools, lakes and ice» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 consistent	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 consistent	cop
6	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 response	acl:relcl
7	with	with	ADP	_	10 facts	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 facts	det
9	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 facts	amod
10	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 consistent	obl
11	concerning	concern	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	12 lakes	case
12	lakes	lake	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 facts	nmod
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 rivers	cc
14	rivers	river	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 lakes	conj
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response		vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	is	present	the response		with the established facts concern lakes and rivers; consistent property	tree rules
3	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
4	concern	gerund				vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

They are always warmer than the sea

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 warmer	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 warmer	cop
3	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	4 warmer	advmod
4	warmer	warm	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
5	than	than	ADP	_	7 sea	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 sea	det
7	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 warmer	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	They					than the sea; always, warm property	tree rules

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

They may be much colder and deeper than they appear

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 colder	nsubj
2	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 colder	aux
3	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	5 colder	cop
4	much	much	ADV	_	5 colder	advmod
5	colder	cold	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 deeper	cc
7	deeper	deep	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	5 colder	conj
8	than	than	SCONJ	_	10 appear	mark
9	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 appear	nsubj
10	appear	appear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 colder	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	is	may	They	cold property	tree rules
2	be		They not said here		tree rules
3	appear	present	they		vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

They contain no currents of any kind

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 contain	nsubj
2	contain	contain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	4 currents	det
4	currents	current	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 contain	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 kind	case
6	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	7 kind	det
7	kind	kind	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 currents	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	contain	present	They	no currents of any kind					vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot current=Theme

Option 4

Their depth may be judged reliably by eye

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 depth	nmod:poss
2	depth	depth	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 judged	nsubj:pass
3	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 judged	aux
4	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	5 judged	aux:pass
5	judged	judge	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	reliably	reliably	ADV	_	5 judged	advmod
7	by	by	ADP	_	8 eye	case
8	eye	eye	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 judged	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	judge	may · passive	eye	Their depth				reliably property	vn estimate-34.2-1-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Agent subject=Value

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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