Test 4 · ★★ · Pools, lakes and ice

Which is true about someone who is drowning?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · What happens: be, drown

This is test 4 · ★★ of lesson 45 «Pools, lakes and ice» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 true	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 true	cop
3	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	about	about	ADP	_	5 someone	case
5	someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	3 true	obl
6	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 drowning	nsubj
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 drowning	aux
8	drowning	drown	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 someone	acl:relcl
9	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 true	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						about someone; true property	tree rules
2	drown	present · progressive							vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

They always shout and splash loudly

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 shout	nsubj
2	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	3 shout	advmod
3	shout	shout	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 splash	cc
5	splash	splash	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 shout	conj
6	loudly	loudly	ADV	_	5 splash	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	shout speech: express	present	They					always property	vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	splash	present	They not said here					loudly property	vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

They can always hold on to the side

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 hold	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 hold	aux
3	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	4 hold	advmod
4	hold	hold	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	on	on	ADP	_	4 hold	compound:prt
6	to	to	ADP	_	8 side	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 side	det
8	side	side	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 hold	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hold on	can	They					to the side; always property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

They often cannot shout or wave for help

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 shout	nsubj
2	often	often	ADV	_	5 shout	advmod
3	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 shout	aux
4	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	5 shout	advmod
5	shout	shout	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	or	or	CCONJ	_	7 wave	cc
7	wave	wave	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 shout	conj
8	for	for	ADP	_	9 help	case
9	help	help	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 wave	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not shout speech: express	can	They					often property	vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	wave	infinitive	They not said here					for help	vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4

They float on their back while drowning

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 float	nsubj
2	float	float	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	on	on	ADP	_	5 back	case
4	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 back	nmod:poss
5	back	back	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 float	obl
6	while	while	SCONJ	_	7 drowning	mark
7	drowning	drown	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 float	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	float	present	They			their back			vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on back=Trajectory
2	drown	gerund	They not said here						vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/45-pools-lakes-and-ice/t4/