Exam question 2 · The best friend who moves away
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the formation of a new friendship whilst a former close friend resides abroad?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: former close friend · What happens: follow, characteris, reside · To what, where: formation
This is exam question 2 of lesson 463 «The best friend who moves away» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 characterises | nsubj |
| 2 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 statements | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 statements | det |
| 4 | following | follow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 5 statements | amod |
| 5 | statements | statement | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 characterises | obl |
| 6 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 7 accurately | advmod |
| 7 | accurately | accurately | ADV | _ | 8 characterises | advmod |
| 8 | characterises | characteris | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 formation | det |
| 10 | formation | formation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 characterises | obj |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 friendship | case |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 friendship | det |
| 13 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 friendship | amod |
| 14 | friendship | friendship | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 formation | nmod |
| 15 | whilst | whilst | SCONJ | _ | 20 resides | mark |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 friend | det |
| 17 | former | former | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 friend | amod |
| 18 | close | close | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 friend | amod |
| 19 | friend | friend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 resides | nsubj |
| 20 | resides | reside | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 characterises | advcl |
| 21 | abroad | abroad | ADV | _ | 20 resides | advmod |
| 22 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 8 characterises | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | follow | gerund | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 2 | characteris | present | the formation of a new friendship | of the following statements; accurately property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | reside | present | a former close friend | abroad property | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
It necessarily terminates the former friendship
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 terminates | nsubj |
| 2 | necessarily | necessarily | ADV | _ | 3 terminates | advmod |
| 3 | terminates | terminate | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 friendship | det |
| 5 | former | former | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 friendship | amod |
| 6 | friendship | friendship | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 terminates | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | terminate | present | It | the former friendship | necessarily property | vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent friendship=Theme |
Option 2
It is prohibited until the former friend returns
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 prohibited | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 prohibited | aux:pass |
| 3 | prohibited | prohibit | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | until | until | SCONJ | _ | 8 returns | mark |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 friend | det |
| 6 | former | former | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 friend | amod |
| 7 | friend | friend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 returns | nsubj |
| 8 | returns | return | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 prohibited | advcl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | prohibit | present · passive | It | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 2 | return | present | the former friend | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Option 3
It requires the written consent of the former friend
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 requires | nsubj |
| 2 | requires | require | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 consent | det |
| 4 | written | write | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 consent | amod |
| 5 | consent | consent | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 requires | obj |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 friend | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 friend | det |
| 8 | former | former | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 friend | amod |
| 9 | friend | friend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 consent | nmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | require | present | It | the written consent of the former friend | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme consent=Precondition | ||||
| 2 | write | participle | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 3 | consent | the former friend | nom consent «communication transitive»: of=patient |
Option 4 · ✓ the right answer
It does not constitute a betrayal of the former friend
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 constitute | nsubj |
| 2 | does | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 constitute | aux |
| 3 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 4 constitute | advmod |
| 4 | constitute | constitute | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 betrayal | det |
| 6 | betrayal | betrayal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 constitute | obj |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 friend | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 friend | det |
| 9 | former | former | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 friend | amod |
| 10 | friend | friend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 betrayal | nmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not constitute | present · do-support | It | a betrayal of the former friend | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme betrayal=Pivot | ||||
| 2 | betray | the former friend | nom betrayal «act transitive»: of=patient |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/463-the-best-friend-who-moves-away/e2/