Exam question 2 · Three's a crowd, and the friend who picks someone else

Ascertain the most appropriate response of a pupil who perceives that she has been excluded from an outing by friends.

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, pupil, friends · What happens: ascertain, perceive, exclude · To what, where: appropriate response, pupil, outing

This is exam question 2 of lesson 478 «Three's a crowd, and the friend who picks someone else» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 response	det
3	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	4 appropriate	advmod
4	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 response	amod
5	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Ascertain	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 pupil	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 pupil	det
8	pupil	pupil	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 response	nmod
9	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 perceives	nsubj
10	perceives	perceive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 pupil	acl:relcl
11	that	that	SCONJ	_	15 excluded	mark
12	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 excluded	nsubj
13	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 excluded	aux
14	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	15 excluded	aux:pass
15	excluded	exclude	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 perceives	advcl
16	from	from	ADP	_	18 outing	case
17	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 outing	det
18	outing	outing	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 excluded	obl
19	by	by	ADP	_	20 friends	case
20	friends	friend	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 excluded	obl
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Ascertain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	ascertain	imperative	you not said here	the appropriate response of a pupil		vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Topic
2	perceive	present	a pupil			vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer
3	exclude	present · perfect · passive	friends	pupil	a outing	vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Causer subject=Beneficiary from outing=Eventuality

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

To conclude immediately that she has been rejected by all of them

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 conclude	mark
2	conclude	conclude	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	immediately	immediately	ADV	_	2 conclude	advmod
4	that	that	SCONJ	_	8 rejected	mark
5	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 rejected	nsubj:pass
6	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 rejected	aux
7	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	8 rejected	aux:pass
8	rejected	reject	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 conclude	advcl
9	by	by	ADP	_	10 all	case
10	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	8 rejected	obl
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 them	case
12	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 all	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	conclude	to-infinitive						immediately property	vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
2	reject	present · perfect · passive		she				by all	vn reject-77.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Option 2

To denounce the friends publicly online

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 denounce	mark
2	denounce	denounce	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 friends	det
4	friends	friend	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 denounce	obj
5	publicly	publicly	ADV	_	2 denounce	advmod
6	online	online	ADV	_	2 denounce	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	denounce	to-infinitive		the friends				online, publicly property	vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent friend=Theme

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

To inquire of the friends directly before forming a conclusion

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 inquire	mark
2	inquire	inquire	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 friends	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 friends	det
5	friends	friend	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 inquire	obl
6	directly	directly	ADV	_	2 inquire	advmod
7	before	before	SCONJ	_	8 forming	mark
8	forming	form	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 inquire	advcl
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 conclusion	det
10	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 forming	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	inquire speech: other	to-infinitive						of the friends; directly property	vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V PP.recipient how S»: agent=Agent of friend=Recipient
2	form	gerund		a conclusion					vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location conclusion=Theme

Option 4

To terminate the friendships without inquiry

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 terminate	mark
2	terminate	terminate	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 friendships	det
4	friendships	friendship	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 terminate	obj
5	without	without	ADP	_	6 inquiry	case
6	inquiry	inquiry	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 terminate	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	terminate	to-infinitive		the friendships				without inquiry	vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent friendship=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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