Exam question 3 · Three's a crowd, and the friend who picks someone else

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the distribution of party invitations to all pupils of a class save one, in her presence?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you · What happens: follow, characteris, save, distribute · To what, where: distribution, one, presence, party invitations

This is exam question 3 of lesson 478 «Three's a crowd, and the friend who picks someone else» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 save	advcl
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 distribution	det
10	distribution	distribution	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	13 invitations	case
12	party	party	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 invitations	compound
13	invitations	invitation	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 distribution	nmod
14	to	to	ADP	_	16 pupils	case
15	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	16 pupils	det
16	pupils	pupil	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
17	of	of	ADP	_	19 class	case
18	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	19 class	det
19	class	class	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 pupils	nmod
20	save	save	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
21	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	20 save	obj
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	25 presence	punct
23	in	in	ADP	_	25 presence	case
24	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	25 presence	nmod:poss
25	presence	presence	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 save	obl
26	?	?	PUNCT	_	20 save	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund					vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the distribution of party invitations		of the following statements; to all pupils of a class; accurately property	tree rules
3	save	imperative	you not said here	one	her presence		vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Theme
4	distribute			party invitations			nom distribution «cognition transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It is the responsibility of the excluded pupil

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 responsibility	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 responsibility	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 responsibility	det
4	responsibility	responsibility	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	8 pupil	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 pupil	det
7	excluded	exclude	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 pupil	amod
8	pupil	pupil	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 responsibility	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	the responsibility				of the excluded pupil	tree rules
2	exclude	participle							vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Causer

Option 2

It constitutes an innocent administrative error

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 constitutes	nsubj
2	constitutes	constitute	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 error	det
4	innocent	innocent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 error	amod
5	administrative	administrative	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 error	amod
6	error	error	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 constitutes	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	constitute	present	It	a innocent administrative error					vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme error=Pivot

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

It constitutes deliberate and cruel exclusion

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 constitutes	nsubj
2	constitutes	constitute	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	deliberate	deliberate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 exclusion	amod
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 cruel	cc
5	cruel	cruel	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 deliberate	conj
6	exclusion	exclusion	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 constitutes	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	constitute	present	It	deliberate exclusion					vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme exclusion=Pivot

Option 4

It is a customary and wholly acceptable practice

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 customary	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 customary	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 customary	det
4	customary	customary	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 practice	cc
6	wholly	wholly	ADV	_	7 acceptable	advmod
7	acceptable	acceptable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 practice	amod
8	practice	practice	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 customary	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a customary and acceptable practice					tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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