Exam question 1 · Weather emergencies

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a tornado warning?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: tornado warning

This is exam question 1 of lesson 48 «Weather emergencies» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 warning	det
10	tornado	tornado	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 warning	compound
11	warning	warning	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
12	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		a tornado warning				of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The tornado season has begun for the year

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 season	det
2	tornado	tornado	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 season	compound
3	season	season	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 begun	nsubj
4	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 begun	aux
5	begun	begin	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
6	for	for	ADP	_	8 year	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 year	det
8	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 begun	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	begin	present · perfect	the tornado season				year		vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality

Option 2

A tornado has passed and it is safe to go outside

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 tornado	det
2	tornado	tornado	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 passed	nsubj:pass
3	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 passed	aux
4	passed	pass	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 safe	cc
6	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 safe	nsubj
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 safe	cop
8	safe	safe	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 passed	conj
9	to	to	PART	_	10 go	mark
10	go	go	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 safe	csubj
11	outside	outside	ADV	_	10 go	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	pass	present · perfect · passive		a tornado		vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: subject=Trajectory
2	is	present	it		safe property	tree rules
3	go	to-infinitive			outside property	vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

Conditions may later favour a tornado, and no action whatsoever is required at present

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Conditions	condition	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 favour	nsubj
2	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 favour	aux
3	later	late	ADV	Degree=Cmp	4 favour	advmod
4	favour	favour	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 tornado	det
6	tornado	tornado	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 favour	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 required	punct
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 required	cc
9	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	10 action	det
10	action	action	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 required	nsubj:pass
11	whatsoever	whatsoever	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 action	nmod
12	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 required	aux:pass
13	required	require	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 favour	conj
14	at	at	ADP	_	15 present	case
15	present	present	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 required	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	favour	may	Conditions	a tornado				late property	tree rules
2	require	present · passive		no action whatsoever		present			vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Precondition

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

A tornado has been sighted or detected by radar, and shelter must be taken at once

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 tornado	det
2	tornado	tornado	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 sighted	nsubj:pass
3	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 sighted	aux
4	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	5 sighted	aux:pass
5	sighted	sight	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	or	or	CCONJ	_	7 detected	cc
7	detected	detect	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 sighted	conj
8	by	by	ADP	_	9 radar	case
9	radar	radar	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 detected	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 taken	punct
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 taken	cc
12	shelter	shelter	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 taken	nsubj:pass
13	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	15 taken	aux
14	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	15 taken	aux:pass
15	taken	take	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 sighted	conj
16	at	at	ADP	_	17 once	case
17	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	15 taken	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	sight	present · perfect · passive	a tornado		vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Stimulus
2	detect	participle		by radar	vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer
3	take	must · passive	shelter		vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: subject=Theme at once=Asset

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/48-weather-emergencies/e1/