Exam question 1 · Fighting, ignoring each other and sharing a room

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises frequent quarrelling between siblings of similar age?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: frequent quarrelling

This is exam question 1 of lesson 508 «Fighting, ignoring each other and sharing a room» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	frequent	frequent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 quarrelling	amod
10	quarrelling	quarrelling	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	between	between	ADP	_	12 siblings	case
12	siblings	sibling	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 quarrelling	nmod
13	of	of	ADP	_	15 age	case
14	similar	similar	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 age	amod
15	age	age	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 siblings	nmod
16	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		frequent quarrelling				of the following statements; between siblings of similar age; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It should be resolved by physical combat

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 resolved	nsubj:pass
2	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 resolved	aux
3	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	4 resolved	aux:pass
4	resolved	resolve	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	by	by	ADP	_	7 combat	case
6	physical	physical	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 combat	amod
7	combat	combat	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 resolved	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	resolve	should · passive	physical combat	It					tree rules

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

It is common and generally diminishes with time, though daily injury is unacceptable

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 common	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 common	cop
3	common	common	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 diminishes	cc
5	generally	generally	ADV	_	6 diminishes	advmod
6	diminishes	diminish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 common	conj
7	with	with	ADP	_	8 time	case
8	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 diminishes	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 unacceptable	punct
10	though	though	SCONJ	_	14 unacceptable	mark
11	daily	daily	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 injury	amod
12	injury	injury	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 unacceptable	nsubj
13	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 unacceptable	cop
14	unacceptable	unacceptable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 common	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It		common property	tree rules
2	diminish	present		time	generally property	vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient
3	is	present	daily injury		unacceptable property	tree rules

Option 3

It never occurs in families that love one another

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 occurs	nsubj
2	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	3 occurs	advmod
3	occurs	occur	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 families	case
5	families	family	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 occurs	obl
6	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 love	nsubj
7	love	love	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 families	acl:relcl
8	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	7 love	obj
9	another	another	DET	PronType=Ind	8 one	fixed

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not occur	present	It			families			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in family=Location
2	love	present	families	one					vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer one=Stimulus

Option 4

It is invariably a sign of permanent hatred between them

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 sign	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 sign	cop
3	invariably	invariably	ADV	_	5 sign	advmod
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 sign	det
5	sign	sign	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 hatred	case
7	permanent	permanent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 hatred	amod
8	hatred	hatred	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 sign	nmod
9	between	between	ADP	_	10 them	case
10	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 hatred	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a sign				of permanent hatred between them; invariably property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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