Exam question 1 · Bullying and how to stop it
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises bullying?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris, bully
This is exam question 1 of lesson 55 «Bullying and how to stop it» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 characterises | nsubj |
| 2 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 statements | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 statements | det |
| 4 | following | follow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 5 statements | amod |
| 5 | statements | statement | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 characterises | obl |
| 6 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 7 accurately | advmod |
| 7 | accurately | accurately | ADV | _ | 8 characterises | advmod |
| 8 | characterises | characteris | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | bullying | bully | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 8 characterises | obj |
| 10 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 8 characterises | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | follow | gerund | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 2 | characteris | present | of the following statements; accurately property | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | bully | gerund | vn captain-29.8-1 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
A single argument between friends
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 argument | det |
| 2 | single | single | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 argument | amod |
| 3 | argument | argument | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | between | between | ADP | _ | 5 friends | case |
| 5 | friends | friend | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 argument | nmod |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 2
An accidental bump in a corridor
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | An | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 bump | det |
| 2 | accidental | accidental | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 bump | amod |
| 3 | bump | bump | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 corridor | case |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 corridor | det |
| 6 | corridor | corridor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 bump | nmod |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 3
Any disagreement over a game
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 2 disagreement | det |
| 2 | disagreement | disagreement | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 3 | over | over | ADP | _ | 5 game | case |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 game | det |
| 5 | game | game | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 disagreement | nmod |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 4 · ✓ the right answer
The repeated and deliberate hurting of a person
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 hurting | det |
| 2 | repeated | repeat | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 hurting | aux |
| 3 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 deliberate | cc |
| 4 | deliberate | deliberate | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 repeated | conj |
| 5 | hurting | hurt | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 person | case |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 person | det |
| 8 | person | person | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 hurting | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hurt | participle | of a person | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/55-bullying/e1/