Test 19 · ★ · Chickens, goats and little creatures

someone's saying the new kid squashes ants for fun and is a psycho, should i pass it on

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: someone, new kid, i · What happens: say, squash, be, pass on · To what, where: ants, psycho, kid · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 19 · ★ of lesson 68 «Chickens, goats and little creatures» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	3 saying	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 saying	aux
3	saying	say	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 kid	det
5	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 kid	amod
6	kid	kid	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 squashes	nsubj
7	squashes	squash	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 saying	ccomp
8	ants	ant	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 squashes	obj
9	for	for	ADP	_	10 fun	case
10	fun	fun	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 ants	nmod
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 psycho	cc
12	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 psycho	cop
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 psycho	det
14	psycho	psycho	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 squashes	conj
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 pass	punct
16	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	18 pass	aux
17	i	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	18 pass	nsubj
18	pass	pass	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 saying	advcl
19	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 pass	obj
20	on	on	ADP	_	18 pass	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present · progressive	someone			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	squash	present	the new kid	ants	for fun	vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ant=Patient
3	is a	present	the new kid not said here	a psycho		tree rules
4	pass on	should	i	kid		vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Pass it on, and add he hurts cats

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Pass	pass	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Pass	obj
3	on	on	ADP	_	1 Pass	compound:prt
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 add	punct
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 add	cc
6	add	add	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	1 Pass	conj
7	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 hurts	nsubj
8	hurts	hurt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 add	ccomp
9	cats	cat	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 hurts	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	pass on	imperative	you not said here	it	vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
2	add speech: assert	infinitive	you not said here		vn say-37.7-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	hurt	present	he	cats	vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer cat=Patient

Option 2

Pass it on, because it proves it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Pass	pass	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Pass	obj
3	on	on	ADP	_	1 Pass	compound:prt
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 proves	punct
5	because	because	SCONJ	_	7 proves	mark
6	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 proves	nsubj
7	proves	prove	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Pass	parataxis
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 proves	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pass on	imperative	you not said here	it					vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
2	prove	present	it	it					vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Do not pass it on; calling him names is cruel, and if it worries you, tell an adult

The tree, 18 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Do	do	AUX	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	3 pass	aux
2	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	3 pass	advmod
3	pass	pass	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	11 cruel	advcl
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 pass	obj
5	on	on	ADP	_	3 pass	compound:prt
6	;	;	PUNCT	_	3 pass	punct
7	calling	call	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	11 cruel	csubj
8	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 calling	obj
9	names	name	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 calling	obj
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 cruel	cop
11	cruel	cruel	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 tell	punct
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	19 tell	cc
14	if	if	SCONJ	_	16 worries	mark
15	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 worries	nsubj
16	worries	worry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	19 tell	advcl
17	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	16 worries	obj
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 worries	punct
19	tell	tell	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	11 cruel	parataxis
20	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	21 adult	det
21	adult	adult	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 tell	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	other	roles by
1	not pass on	infinitive · do-support	calling not said here	it			vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
2	call	gerund		him = he			vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme name=Result
3	is	present	calling			cruel property	tree rules
4	worry a condition, not said to happen	present	it	you			vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus you=Experiencer
5	tell speech: assert	infinitive			a adult		vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent adult=Recipient

Option 4

Pass it on, so people know to avoid him and keep away from him at break time

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Pass	pass	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Pass	obj
3	on	on	ADP	_	1 Pass	compound:prt
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 know	punct
5	so	so	ADV	_	7 know	advmod
6	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 know	nsubj
7	know	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Pass	parataxis
8	to	to	PART	_	9 avoid	mark
9	avoid	avoid	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 know	xcomp
10	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 avoid	obj
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 keep	cc
12	keep	keep	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 avoid	conj
13	away	away	ADV	_	12 keep	advmod
14	from	from	ADP	_	15 him	case
15	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 keep	obl
16	at	at	ADP	_	18 time	case
17	break	break	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 time	compound
18	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 keep	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	pass on	imperative	you not said here	it			vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
2	know	present	people				vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
3	avoid	to-infinitive	people not said here	him = he			vn avoid-52 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent he=Location
4	keep away	infinitive	people not said here		time	from him = he; away property	vn forbid-64.4 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Causer from he=Eventuality

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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