Test 17 · ★★ · Swimming basics and water confidence

my nan said a boy drowned at the quarry showing off, and his mates thought he was waving for a laugh

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: nan, quarry, mates · What happens: say, drown, show off, think, wave · To what, where: boy, quarry · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 17 · ★★ of lesson 7 «Swimming basics and water confidence» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 nan	nmod:poss
2	nan	nan	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 said	nsubj
3	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 boy	det
5	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 said	nsubj
6	drowned	drown	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 boy	acl
7	at	at	ADP	_	9 quarry	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 quarry	det
9	quarry	quarry	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 drowned	obl
10	showing	show	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	9 quarry	acl
11	off	off	ADP	_	10 showing	compound:prt
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 thought	punct
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 thought	cc
14	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	15 mates	nmod:poss
15	mates	mate	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 thought	nsubj
16	thought	think	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 said	conj
17	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 waving	nsubj
18	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	19 waving	aux
19	waving	wave	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	16 thought	ccomp
20	for	for	ADP	_	22 laugh	case
21	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	22 laugh	det
22	laugh	laugh	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 waving	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	past	my nan				vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	drown	participle		a boy not said here	the quarry		vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3	show off	gerund	the quarry not said here				vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	think speech: other	past	boy's mates				vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
5	wave	past · progressive	nan			for a laugh	vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Real lesson: drowning is quiet and quick, so never swim in quarries and only with an adult watching

The tree, 18 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 lesson	amod
2	lesson	lesson	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	:	:	PUNCT	_	6 quiet	punct
4	drowning	drowning	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 quiet	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 quiet	cop
6	quiet	quiet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 lesson	amod
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 quick	cc
8	quick	quick	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 quiet	conj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 swim	punct
10	so	so	ADV	_	12 swim	advmod
11	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	12 swim	advmod
12	swim	swim	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 quiet	conj
13	in	in	ADP	_	14 quarries	case
14	quarries	quarry	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 swim	obl
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	19 adult	cc
16	only	only	ADV	_	19 adult	advmod
17	with	with	ADP	_	19 adult	case
18	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	19 adult	det
19	adult	adult	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 quarries	conj
20	watching	watch	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	19 adult	acl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	other	roles by
1	is	present	drowning		quiet property	tree rules
2	be		drowning not said here			tree rules
3	not swim	present	drowning not said here	quarries and a adult		vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in quarry=Trajectory
4	watch	gerund	a adult not said here			vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent

Option 2

It is just gossip, so quarries must be fine to swim in

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 gossip	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 gossip	cop
3	just	just	ADV	_	4 gossip	advmod
4	gossip	gossip	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 fine	punct
6	so	so	ADV	_	10 fine	advmod
7	quarries	quarry	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 fine	nsubj
8	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 fine	aux
9	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	10 fine	cop
10	fine	fine	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 gossip	parataxis
11	to	to	PART	_	12 swim	mark
12	swim	swim	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 fine	csubj
13	in	in	ADP	_	12 swim	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	gossip		tree rules
2	is	must	quarries		fine property	tree rules
3	swim	to-infinitive				vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

Real lesson: only boys who show off can drown

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 lesson	amod
2	lesson	lesson	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	:	:	PUNCT	_	5 boys	punct
4	only	only	ADV	_	5 boys	advmod
5	boys	boy	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 drown	nsubj
6	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 show	nsubj
7	show	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 boys	acl:relcl
8	off	off	ADP	_	7 show	compound:prt
9	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 drown	aux
10	drown	drown	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 lesson	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show off	present	boys						vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	drown	can	boys	Real lesson not said here					vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lesson=Patient

Option 4

Real lesson: waving always means someone is joking

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 lesson	amod
2	lesson	lesson	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 means	nsubj
3	:	:	PUNCT	_	6 means	punct
4	waving	wave	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 means	csubj
5	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	4 waving	advmod
6	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	9 joking	nsubj
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 joking	aux
9	joking	joke	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 means	ccomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	wave	gerund		always property	vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	mean	present	Real lesson		vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	joke speech: other	present · progressive	someone		vn chit_chat-37.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/7-swimming-and-water/t17/