Exam question 1 · Wild animals, zoos and kindness to animals

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the vision of bats.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern · To what, where: response, vision

This is exam question 1 of lesson 71 «Wild animals, zoos and kindness to animals» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 vision	det
11	vision	vision	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	13 bats	case
13	bats	bat	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 vision	nmod
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the vision of bats		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus vision=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Bats are blind by day and see only by night

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Bats	bat	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 blind	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 blind	cop
3	blind	blind	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	5 day	case
5	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 blind	obl
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 see	cc
7	see	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 blind	conj
8	only	only	ADV	_	10 night	advmod
9	by	by	ADP	_	10 night	case
10	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 see	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Bats				day	blind property	tree rules
2	see	present	Bats not said here				night		vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Bats are able to see, and many also navigate by echolocation

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Bats	bat	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 able	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 able	cop
3	able	able	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 see	mark
5	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 able	xcomp
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 navigate	punct
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 navigate	cc
8	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 navigate	nsubj
9	also	also	ADV	_	10 navigate	advmod
10	navigate	navigate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 able	parataxis
11	by	by	ADP	_	12 echolocation	case
12	echolocation	echolocation	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 navigate	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	is	present	Bats	able property	tree rules
2	see	to-infinitive	Bats not said here		vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
3	navigate	present	many	by echolocation	vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent

Option 3

Bats see solely by means of light reflected from the moon

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Bats	bat	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 see	nsubj
2	see	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	solely	solely	ADV	_	2 see	advmod
4	by	by	ADP	_	5 means	case
5	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 see	parataxis
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 light	case
7	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 means	obl
8	reflected	reflect	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 light	acl
9	from	from	ADP	_	11 moon	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 moon	det
11	moon	moon	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 reflected	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	see	present	Bats			solely property	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
2	mean	present				of light	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
3	reflect	participle		light not said here	the moon		vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4

Bats are wholly blind and rely on smell alone

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Bats	bat	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 blind	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 blind	cop
3	wholly	wholly	ADV	_	4 blind	advmod
4	blind	blind	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 rely	cc
6	rely	rely	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 blind	conj
7	on	on	ADP	_	8 smell	case
8	smell	smell	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 rely	obl
9	alone	alone	ADV	_	6 rely	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Bats					blind, wholly property	tree rules
2	rely	present	Bats not said here					on smell; alone property	vn rely-70 «NP V PP.theme S_ING»: agent=Agent on smell=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/71-wild-animals-zoos-and-kindness/e1/