Exam question 4 · Food, drinks and feeling ill

Identify the principal reason for which grapes are cut lengthways for small children.

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: you · What happens: identify, cut · To what, where: principal reason, grapes

This is exam question 4 of lesson 81 «Food, drinks and feeling ill» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 reason	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reason	amod
4	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 cut	obl
7	grapes	grape	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 cut	nsubj:pass
8	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 cut	aux:pass
9	cut	cut	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 reason	acl:relcl
10	lengthways	lengthways	ADV	_	9 cut	advmod
11	for	for	ADP	_	13 children	case
12	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 children	amod
13	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 cut	obl
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal reason					vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme
2	cut	present · passive		grapes				for the principal reason; for small children; lengthways property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: subject=Material for which=Beneficiary

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Whole grapes are too sour for small children

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 grapes	amod
2	grapes	grape	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 sour	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 sour	cop
4	too	too	ADV	_	5 sour	advmod
5	sour	sour	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	for	for	ADP	_	8 children	case
7	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 children	amod
8	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 sour	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Whole grapes					for small children; sour property	tree rules

Option 2

Small children cannot digest grape skins

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 children	amod
2	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 digest	nsubj
3	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 digest	aux
4	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	5 digest	advmod
5	digest	digest	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	grape	grape	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 skins	compound
7	skins	skin	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 digest	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not digest	can	Small children	grape skins					tree rules

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Small round food may block a small airway

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 food	amod
2	round	round	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 food	amod
3	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 block	nsubj
4	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 block	aux
5	block	block	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 airway	det
7	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 airway	amod
8	airway	airway	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 block	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	block	may	Small round food	a small airway					vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer airway=Theme

Option 4

Cut grapes contain fewer germs than whole ones

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cut	cut	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 grapes	amod
2	grapes	grape	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 contain	nsubj
3	contain	contain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	fewer	few	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	5 germs	amod
5	germs	germ	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 contain	obj
6	than	than	ADP	_	8 ones	case
7	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 ones	amod
8	ones	one	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 germs	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cut	participle							vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
2	contain	present	Cut grapes	fewer germs				than whole ones	vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot germ=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/81-food-drinks-and-feeling-ill/e4/