Test 9 · ★★ · Friendship troubles, being left out and bullying Ella talks about her sleepover in front of two girls who were not invited. They look hurt. What could she have done?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Ella, girls · What happens: talk, not invite, look, hurt, do · To what, where: front, two girls
This is test 9 · ★★ of lesson 98 «Friendship troubles, being left out and bullying» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school .
The question Sentence 1: Ella talks about her sleepover in front of two girls who were not invited.
nsubj case nmod:poss obl case obl case nummod nmod nsubj:pass aux:pass advmod acl:relcl punct root Ella PROPN talks VERB about ADP her PRON sleepover NOUN in ADP front NOUN of ADP two NUM girls NOUN who PRON were AUX not PART invited VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Ella Ella PROPN Number=Sing 2 talks nsubj 2 talks talk VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 about about ADP _ 5 sleepover case 4 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 sleepover nmod:poss 5 sleepover sleepover NOUN Number=Sing 2 talks obl 6 in in ADP _ 7 front case 7 front front NOUN Number=Sing 2 talks obl 8 of of ADP _ 10 girls case 9 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 10 girls nummod 10 girls girl NOUN Number=Plur 7 front nmod 11 who who PRON PronType=Rel 14 invited nsubj:pass 12 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 14 invited aux:pass 13 not not PART Polarity=Neg 14 invited advmod 14 invited invite VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 10 girls acl:relcl 15 . . PUNCT _ 2 talks punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 talk present Ella front of two girls about Ella's sleepover vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about sleepover=Topic 2 not invite past · passive two girls vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Recipient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: They look hurt.
nsubj xcomp punct root They PRON look VERB hurt VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 They they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 look nsubj 2 look look VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 hurt hurt VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 look xcomp 4 . . PUNCT _ 2 look punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 look present girls = girl tree rules 2 hurt participle girls = girl not said here vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
Sentence 3: What could she have done?
obj aux nsubj aux punct root What PRON could AUX she PRON have AUX done VERB ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 What what PRON PronType=Int 5 done obj 2 could could AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 done aux 3 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 done nsubj 4 have have AUX VerbForm=Inf 5 done aux 5 done do VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part root root 6 ? ? PUNCT _ 5 done punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 do could · perfect Ella vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality
The options Option 1 · ← Mova's choice Invited the whole class to stop it
det amod obj mark advcl obj root Invited VERB the DET whole ADJ class NOUN to PART stop VERB it PRON The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Invited invite VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 class det 3 whole whole ADJ Degree=Pos 4 class amod 4 class class NOUN Number=Sing 1 Invited obj 5 to to PART _ 6 stop mark 6 stop stop VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Invited advcl 7 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 stop obj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 invite participle the whole class vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent class=Recipient 2 stop to-infinitive class vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality it=Eventuality
Option 2 Told them they were not invited on purpose
iobj nsubj:pass aux:pass advmod ccomp case obl root Told VERB them PRON they PRON were AUX not PART invited VERB on ADP purpose NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Told tell VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 2 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 1 Told iobj 3 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 invited nsubj:pass 4 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 invited aux:pass 5 not not PART Polarity=Neg 6 invited advmod 6 invited invite VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 1 Told ccomp 7 on on ADP _ 8 purpose case 8 purpose purpose NOUN Number=Sing 6 invited obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 tell speech: assert past them = they vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent they=Recipient clause=Topic 2 not invite past · passive they purpose vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Recipient
Option 3 Talked about it more loudly to make it fun
case obl advmod advmod mark advcl obj xcomp root Talked VERB about ADP it PRON more ADV loudly ADV to PART make VERB it PRON fun ADJ The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Talked talk VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 2 about about ADP _ 3 it case 3 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 1 Talked obl 4 more more ADV Degree=Cmp 5 loudly advmod 5 loudly loudly ADV _ 1 Talked advmod 6 to to PART _ 7 make mark 7 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Talked advcl 8 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 make obj 9 fun fun ADJ Degree=Pos 7 make xcomp
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 talk past about it; loudly property vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about it=Topic 2 make to-infinitive it fun property vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product
Option 4 · ✓ the right answer Talked about it later, away from them
case obl advmod punct advmod case obl root Talked VERB about ADP it PRON later ADV , PUNCT away ADV from ADP them PRON The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Talked talk VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 2 about about ADP _ 3 it case 3 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 1 Talked obl 4 later late ADV Degree=Cmp 1 Talked advmod 5 , , PUNCT _ 6 away punct 6 away away ADV _ 1 Talked advmod 7 from from ADP _ 8 them case 8 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 away obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 talk past about it; away, late property vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about it=Topic
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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