Exam question 1 · Food and drink

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the use of articles after the verb aimer?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris, use · To what, where: use, articles

This is exam question 1 of lesson 18 «Food and drink» of the French course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 use	det
10	use	use	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 articles	case
12	articles	article	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 use	nmod
13	after	after	ADP	_	16 aimer	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 aimer	det
15	verb	verb	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 aimer	compound
16	aimer	aimer	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 articles	nmod
17	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present	the use of articles after the verb aimer	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	use		articles after the verb aimer		nom use «act transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

No article whatsoever is employed after aimer

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	DET	PronType=Neg	2 article	det
2	article	article	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	whatsoever	whatsoever	PRON	PronType=Rel	5 employed	nsubj:pass
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 employed	aux:pass
5	employed	employ	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 article	acl:relcl
6	after	after	ADP	_	7 aimer	case
7	aimer	aimer	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 employed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	employ	present · passive		whatsoever			after aimer		vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Option 2

The article is employed solely before masculine nouns

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 article	det
2	article	article	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 employed	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 employed	aux:pass
4	employed	employ	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	solely	solely	ADV	_	4 employed	advmod
6	before	before	ADP	_	8 nouns	case
7	masculine	masculine	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 nouns	amod
8	nouns	noun	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 employed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	employ	present · passive		the article			before masculine nouns	solely property	vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Option 3

The partitive du or de la is invariably required

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 du	det
2	partitive	partitive	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 du	compound
3	du	du	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 required	nsubj:pass
4	or	or	CCONJ	_	5 de	cc
5	de	de	X	Foreign=Yes	3 du	conj
6	la	la	X	Foreign=Yes	5 de	flat:foreign
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 required	aux:pass
8	invariably	invariably	ADV	_	9 required	advmod
9	required	require	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	require	present · passive		the partitive du				invariably property	vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Precondition

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

The definite article le, la, l' or les is required before the thing liked

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 le	det
2	definite	definite	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 le	amod
3	article	article	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 le	compound
4	le	le	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 required	nsubj:pass
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 la	punct
6	la	la	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 le	conj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 l	punct
8	l	l	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 le	conj
9	'	'	PUNCT	_	8 l	punct
10	or	or	CCONJ	_	11 les	cc
11	les	le	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 le	conj
12	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 required	aux:pass
13	required	require	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
14	before	before	ADP	_	16 thing	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 thing	det
16	thing	thing	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 required	obl
17	liked	like	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	16 thing	acl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	require	present · passive		the definite article le and la and l or les			before the thing		vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Precondition
2	like	participle		the thing not said here					vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/french/18-food-and-drink/e1/