Test 3 · ★★ · Le, la, un, une: every word is a boy or a girl
Ruby from Belfast says, "Sun's a fella, moon's a girl, so every language does it like that, so it is." Is she right?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Ruby, Sun, moon, language · What happens: say, be, do · To what, where: fella, girl, moon · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 3 · ★★ of lesson 25 «Le, la, un, une: every word is a boy or a girl» of the French course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: Ruby from Belfast says, "Sun's a fella, moon's a girl, so every language does it like that, so it is."
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ruby | Ruby | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 says | nsubj |
| 2 | from | from | ADP | _ | 3 Belfast | case |
| 3 | Belfast | Belfast | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Ruby | nmod |
| 4 | says | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 fella | punct |
| 6 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 10 fella | punct |
| 7 | Sun | Sun | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 fella | nsubj |
| 8 | 's | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 fella | cop |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 fella | det |
| 10 | fella | fella | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 says | ccomp |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 girl | punct |
| 12 | moon | moon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 girl | nsubj |
| 13 | 's | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 girl | cop |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 girl | det |
| 15 | girl | girl | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 fella | parataxis |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 does | punct |
| 17 | so | so | ADV | _ | 20 does | advmod |
| 18 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 19 language | det |
| 19 | language | language | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 does | nsubj |
| 20 | does | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 says | conj |
| 21 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 does | obj |
| 22 | like | like | ADP | _ | 23 that | case |
| 23 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 20 does | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 is | punct |
| 25 | so | so | ADV | _ | 27 is | advmod |
| 26 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 is | nsubj |
| 27 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 says | parataxis |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 27 is | punct |
| 29 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 27 is | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | present | Ruby from Belfast | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | is a in a quote | present | Sun | a fella | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | is a in a quote | present | moon | a girl | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | do in a quote | present | every language | moon | like that | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality | |||
| 5 | be in a quote | present | language | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Is she right?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 right | cop |
| 2 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 right | nsubj |
| 3 | right | right | ADV | _ | root | root |
| 4 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 right | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | Sun | right property | tree rules |
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
Yes, because the sun is stronger than the moon
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Yes | yes | INTJ | Polarity=Pos | 7 stronger | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 stronger | punct |
| 3 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 7 stronger | mark |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 sun | det |
| 5 | sun | sun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 stronger | nsubj |
| 6 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 stronger | cop |
| 7 | stronger | strong | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | root | root |
| 8 | than | than | ADP | _ | 10 moon | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 moon | det |
| 10 | moon | moon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 stronger | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | the sun | than the moon; strong property | tree rules |
Option 2 · ✓ the right answer
No, German does it the other way round
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | No | no | INTJ | Polarity=Neg | 4 does | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 No | punct |
| 3 | German | German | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 does | nsubj |
| 4 | does | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 does | obj |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 way | det |
| 7 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 way | amod |
| 8 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 does | obl:unmarked |
| 9 | round | round | ADV | _ | 4 does | advmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | do | present | German | it | the other way obl:unmarked; round property | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality |
Option 3
Yes, every language with gender agrees
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Yes | yes | INTJ | Polarity=Pos | 7 agrees | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Yes | punct |
| 3 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 4 language | det |
| 4 | language | language | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 agrees | nsubj |
| 5 | with | with | ADP | _ | 6 gender | case |
| 6 | gender | gender | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 language | nmod |
| 7 | agrees | agree | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | agree speech: agree | present | every language with gender | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
Option 4
No, French makes the sun feminine too
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | No | no | INTJ | Polarity=Neg | 3 French | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 No | punct |
| 3 | French | French | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 makes | nsubj |
| 4 | makes | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 feminine | det |
| 6 | sun | sun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 feminine | compound |
| 7 | feminine | feminine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 makes | obj |
| 8 | too | too | ADV | _ | 4 makes | advmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | present | French | the sun feminine | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset feminine=Product |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/french/25-le-la-un-une-every-word-is-a-boy-or-a-girl/t3/