Test 11 · Être: to be
Max from Newcastle says, "Howay, c'est is a mash-up!" Of what?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Max, c'est · What happens: say, be · To what, where: mash up · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 11 of lesson 28 «Être: to be» of the French course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: Max from Newcastle says, "Howay, c'est is a mash-up!"
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Max | Max | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 says | nsubj |
| 2 | from | from | ADP | _ | 3 Newcastle | case |
| 3 | Newcastle | Newcastle | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Max | nmod |
| 4 | says | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 Howay | punct |
| 6 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 Howay | punct |
| 7 | Howay | Howay | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 says | nsubj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 up | punct |
| 9 | c'est | c'est | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 up | nsubj |
| 10 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 up | cop |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 up | det |
| 12 | mash | mash | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 up | compound |
| 13 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 12 mash | punct |
| 14 | up | up | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 Howay | appos |
| 15 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 14 up | punct |
| 16 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 up | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: express | present | Max from Newcastle | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | is a in a quote | present | c'est | a mash up | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Of what?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Of | of | ADP | _ | 2 what | case |
| 2 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | root | root |
| 3 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 2 what | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
c (see) and est (east)
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | c | c | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 2 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 3 see | punct |
| 3 | see | see | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 1 c | parataxis |
| 4 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 3 see | punct |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 est | cc |
| 6 | est | est | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 c | conj |
| 7 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 8 east | punct |
| 8 | east | east | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 est | appos |
| 9 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 8 east | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | infinitive | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
Option 2
ces (these) and t
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ces | ce | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 2 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 3 these | punct |
| 3 | these | this | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 1 ces | nmod |
| 4 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 3 these | punct |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 t | cc |
| 6 | t | t | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 ces | conj |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 3 · ✓ the right answer
ce (it) and est (is)
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ce | ce | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 2 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 3 it | punct |
| 3 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 1 ce | appos |
| 4 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 3 it | punct |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 est | cc |
| 6 | est | est | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 ce | conj |
| 7 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 8 is | punct |
| 8 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 1 ce | parataxis |
| 9 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 8 is | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | be | present | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Option 4
se (self) and est (is)
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | se | se | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 2 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 3 self | punct |
| 3 | self | self | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 se | appos |
| 4 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 3 self | punct |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 est | cc |
| 6 | est | est | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 se | conj |
| 7 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 8 is | punct |
| 8 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 1 se | parataxis |
| 9 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 8 is | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | be | present | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/french/28-etre-to-be/t11/