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Test 1 · ★★ · Latin America and the Caribbean

Sam reckons Brazilians speak Spanish «coz it's South America innit». What is right?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: Sam, Brazilians, it · What happens: reckon, speak, be · To what, where: Spanish · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 1 · ★★ of lesson 14 «Latin America and the Caribbean» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Sam reckons Brazilians speak Spanish «coz it's South America innit».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sam	Sam	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 reckons	nsubj
2	reckons	reckon	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	Brazilians	Brazilian	PROPN	Number=Plur	4 speak	nsubj
4	speak	speak	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 reckons	ccomp
5	Spanish	Spanish	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 speak	obj
6	«	«	PUNCT	_	12 innit	punct
7	coz	because	ADP	_	12 innit	case
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 innit	nsubj
9	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 innit	cop
10	South	South	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 America	compound
11	America	America	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 innit	compound
12	innit	innit	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 reckons	parataxis
13	»	»	PUNCT	_	12 innit	punct
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 reckons	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	reckon	present	Sam						vn consider-29.9-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
2	speak speech: other	present	Brazilians	Spanish					tree rules
3	is in a quote	present	it					because America innit	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is right?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 right	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
3	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 right	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						right property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

Brazilians speak Spanish like their neighbours, with a few Portuguese words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Brazilians	brazilian	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 speak	nsubj
2	speak	speak	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	Spanish	Spanish	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 speak	obj
4	like	like	ADP	_	6 neighbours	case
5	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 neighbours	nmod:poss
6	neighbours	neighbour	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 speak	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 words	punct
8	with	with	ADP	_	12 words	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 words	det
10	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 words	amod
11	Portuguese	portuguese	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 words	amod
12	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 speak	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	speak speech: other	present	Brazilians	Spanish				like Brazilians's neighbours; with a few Portuguese words	tree rules

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Brazilians speak Portuguese, because Brazil was a Portuguese colony

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Brazilians	brazilian	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 speak	nsubj
2	speak	speak	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	Portuguese	Portuguese	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 speak	obj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 colony	punct
5	because	because	SCONJ	_	10 colony	mark
6	Brazil	Brazil	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 colony	nsubj
7	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 colony	cop
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 colony	det
9	Portuguese	portuguese	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 colony	amod
10	colony	colony	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 speak	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	speak speech: other	present	Brazilians	Portuguese					tree rules
2	is a	past	Brazil	a Portuguese colony					tree rules

Option 3

Brazilians speak Latin

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Brazilians	brazilian	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 speak	nsubj
2	speak	speak	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	Latin	Latin	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 speak	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	speak speech: other	present	Brazilians	Latin					tree rules

Option 4

Brazilians speak French

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Brazilians	brazilian	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 speak	nsubj
2	speak	speak	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	French	French	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 speak	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	speak speech: other	present	Brazilians	French					tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/14-latin-america-and-the-caribbean/t1/