Exam question 1 · Canals: Suez, Panama and the shortcuts

Identify the principal function of a lock upon a canal.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you · What happens: identify · To what, where: principal function

This is exam question 1 of lesson 20 «Canals: Suez, Panama and the shortcuts» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 function	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 function	amod
4	function	function	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 lock	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 lock	det
7	lock	lock	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 function	nmod
8	upon	upon	ADP	_	10 canal	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 canal	det
10	canal	canal	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal function of a lock				upon a canal	vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent function=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The storage of cargo in secure chambers during the hours of darkness

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 storage	det
2	storage	storage	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 cargo	case
4	cargo	cargo	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 storage	nmod
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 chambers	case
6	secure	secure	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 chambers	amod
7	chambers	chamber	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 storage	nmod
8	during	during	ADP	_	10 hours	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 hours	det
10	hours	hour	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 chambers	nmod
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 darkness	case
12	darkness	darkness	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 hours	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	store			cargo		secure chambers during the hours of darkness			nom storage «act transitive»: of=patient in=place

Option 2

The elevation of bridges for the passage of tall vessels

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 elevation	det
2	elevation	elevation	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 bridges	case
4	bridges	bridge	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 elevation	nmod
5	for	for	ADP	_	7 passage	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 passage	det
7	passage	passage	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 elevation	nmod
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 vessels	case
9	tall	tall	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 vessels	amod
10	vessels	vessel	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 passage	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	elevate			bridges				for the passage of tall vessels	nom elevation «event transitive»: of=patient for=obl
2	pass		tall vessels						nom passage «act intransitive»: of=agent

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

The raising or lowering of vessels between stretches of water situated at differing levels

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 raising	det
2	raising	raising	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	or	or	CCONJ	_	4 lowering	cc
4	lowering	lowering	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 raising	conj
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 vessels	case
6	vessels	vessel	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 raising	nmod
7	between	between	ADP	_	8 stretches	case
8	stretches	stretch	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 vessels	nmod
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 water	case
10	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 stretches	nmod
11	situated	situate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 water	acl
12	at	at	ADP	_	14 levels	case
13	differing	differing	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 levels	compound
14	levels	level	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 situated	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	situate	participle		water not said here		differing levels			vn put-9.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent at level=Destination
2	raise			vessels between stretches of water					nom raising «event transitive»: of=patient

Option 4

The prevention of vessels from departing the canal prior to the payment of the requisite toll

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 prevention	det
2	prevention	prevention	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 vessels	case
4	vessels	vessel	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 prevention	nmod
5	from	from	SCONJ	_	6 departing	mark
6	departing	depart	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 prevention	acl
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 canal	det
8	canal	canal	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 departing	obj
9	prior	prior	ADJ	Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP	12 payment	case
10	to	to	ADP	_	9 prior	fixed
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 payment	det
12	payment	payment	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 departing	obl
13	of	of	ADP	_	16 toll	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 toll	det
15	requisite	requisite	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 toll	amod
16	toll	toll	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 payment	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	depart	gerund	the prevention of vessels not said here	the canal	prior the payment of the requisite toll	vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme canal=Initial_Location
2	prevent			vessels		nom prevention «act transitive»: of=patient
3	pay			the requisite toll		nom payment «possession transitive»: of=patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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