Test 11 · ★★★ · Canals: Suez, Panama and the shortcuts

A ship climbs 26 metres in the Panama locks to Gatun Lake. What must happen before it reaches the Pacific?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: ship, Panama · What happens: climb, lock, happen, reach · To what, where: 26 metres, Gatun Lake, Pacific

This is test 11 · ★★★ of lesson 20 «Canals: Suez, Panama and the shortcuts» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A ship climbs 26 metres in the Panama locks to Gatun Lake.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 ship	det
2	ship	ship	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 climbs	nsubj
3	climbs	climb	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	26	26	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	5 metres	nummod
5	metres	metre	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 climbs	obj
6	in	in	SCONJ	_	9 locks	mark
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 Panama	det
8	Panama	Panama	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 locks	nsubj
9	locks	lock	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 climbs	advcl
10	to	to	ADP	_	12 Lake	case
11	Gatun	Gatun	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 Lake	compound
12	Lake	Lake	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 locks	obl
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 climbs	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	climb	present	a ship	26 metres					vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location metre=Theme
2	lock	present	the Panama		Gatun Lake				vn tape-22.4 «NP V ADV-Middle PP»: agent=Patient to lake=Co-Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What must happen before it reaches the Pacific?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 happen	nsubj
2	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 happen	aux
3	happen	happen	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	before	before	SCONJ	_	6 reaches	mark
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 reaches	nsubj
6	reaches	reach	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 happen	advcl
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 Pacific	det
8	Pacific	Pacific	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 reaches	obj
9	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 happen	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	happen	must							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	reach	present	Panama	the Pacific					vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent pacific=Theme

The options

Option 1

It must be carried down to the ocean by a giant crane

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 carried	nsubj:pass
2	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 carried	aux
3	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	4 carried	aux:pass
4	carried	carry	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	down	down	ADP	_	4 carried	compound:prt
6	to	to	ADP	_	8 ocean	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 ocean	det
8	ocean	ocean	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 carried	obl
9	by	by	ADP	_	12 crane	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 crane	det
11	giant	giant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 crane	amod
12	crane	crane	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 carried	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	carry down	must · passive		It		the ocean		by a giant crane	vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme to ocean=Destination

Option 2

It must wait for high tide to float it over the hills

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 wait	nsubj
2	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 wait	aux
3	wait	wait	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	for	for	ADP	_	6 tide	case
5	high	high	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 tide	amod
6	tide	tide	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 wait	obl
7	to	to	PART	_	8 float	mark
8	float	float	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 wait	advcl
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 float	obj
10	over	over	ADP	_	12 hills	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 hills	det
12	hills	hill	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 float	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	wait	must	It					for high tide	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	float	to-infinitive		tide		the hills			vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent it=Theme over hill=Trajectory

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

It must climb another 26 metres, because the Pacific is higher still

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 climb	nsubj
2	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 climb	aux
3	climb	climb	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	another	another	DET	PronType=Ind	6 metres	det
5	26	26	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	6 metres	nummod
6	metres	metre	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 climb	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 higher	punct
8	because	because	SCONJ	_	12 higher	mark
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 Pacific	det
10	Pacific	Pacific	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 higher	nsubj
11	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 higher	cop
12	higher	high	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 climb	advmod
13	still	still	ADV	_	3 climb	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	climb	must	It	another 26 metres			still		vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is	present	the Pacific					high property	tree rules

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

It must be lowered about 26 metres again through more locks

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 lowered	nsubj:pass
2	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 lowered	aux
3	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	4 lowered	aux:pass
4	lowered	lower	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	about	about	ADV	_	6 26	advmod
6	26	26	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	7 metres	nummod
7	metres	metre	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 lowered	obl:unmarked
8	again	again	ADV	_	4 lowered	advmod
9	through	through	ADP	_	11 locks	case
10	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	11 locks	amod
11	locks	lock	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 lowered	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lower	must · passive		It		more locks	again	26 metres obl:unmarked	vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme through lock=Destination

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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