Exam question 2 · Winds, monsoons and ocean currents

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the trade winds?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: trade winds

This is exam question 2 of lesson 22 «Winds, monsoons and ocean currents» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 winds	det
10	trade	trade	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 winds	compound
11	winds	wind	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obj
12	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the trade winds				of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Gales prevailing between forty and fifty degrees south

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Gales	gale	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
2	prevailing	prevail	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	1 Gales	acl
3	between	between	ADP	_	4 forty	case
4	forty	forty	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	2 prevailing	obl
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 degrees	cc
6	fifty	fifty	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	7 degrees	nummod
7	degrees	degree	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Gales	conj
8	south	south	ADV	_	7 degrees	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	prevail	gerund	Gales and fifty degrees not said here			forty			vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme between forty=Location

Option 2

Calm and inconstant airs confined to the equatorial belt

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Calm	calm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 airs	amod
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 inconstant	cc
3	inconstant	inconstant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Calm	conj
4	airs	air	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
5	confined	confine	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 airs	acl
6	to	to	ADP	_	9 belt	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 belt	det
8	equatorial	equatorial	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 belt	compound
9	belt	belt	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 confined	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	confine	participle		Calm airs not said here		the equatorial belt			vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent to belt=Destination

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Steady winds blowing from the east towards the equator within the tropics

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Steady	steady	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 winds	amod
2	winds	wind	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	blowing	blow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 winds	acl
4	from	from	ADP	_	6 east	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 east	det
6	east	east	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 blowing	obl
7	towards	towards	ADP	_	9 equator	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 equator	det
9	equator	equator	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 blowing	obl
10	within	within	ADP	_	12 tropics	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 tropics	det
12	tropics	tropic	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 blowing	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	blow	gerund	Steady winds not said here					towards the equator; within the tropics; from the east	vn split-23.2 «NP V PP.co-patient»: agent=Patient from east=Co-Patient

Option 4

Variable winds blowing from the west over the middle latitudes of both hemispheres

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Variable	variable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 winds	amod
2	winds	wind	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	blowing	blow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 winds	acl
4	from	from	ADP	_	6 west	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 west	det
6	west	west	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 blowing	obl
7	over	over	ADP	_	10 latitudes	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 latitudes	det
9	middle	middle	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 latitudes	amod
10	latitudes	latitude	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 blowing	obl
11	of	of	ADP	_	13 hemispheres	case
12	both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	13 hemispheres	det
13	hemispheres	hemisphere	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 latitudes	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	blow	gerund	Variable winds not said here					over the middle latitudes of both hemispheres; from the west	vn split-23.2 «NP V PP.co-patient»: agent=Patient from west=Co-Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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