Test 4 · ★★★ · Winds, monsoons and ocean currents

Ships came home from the Americas to Spain by a more northern route than they went out. Why?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: Ships · What happens: come, go out · To what, where: Spain, Americas

This is test 4 · ★★★ of lesson 22 «Winds, monsoons and ocean currents» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Ships came home from the Americas to Spain by a more northern route than they went out.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ships	ship	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 came	nsubj
2	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	home	home	ADV	_	2 came	advmod
4	from	from	ADP	_	6 Americas	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 Americas	det
6	Americas	AMERICAS	PROPN	Number=Plur	2 came	obl
7	to	to	ADP	_	8 Spain	case
8	Spain	Spain	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 came	obl
9	by	by	ADP	_	13 route	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 route	det
11	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	12 northern	advmod
12	northern	northern	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 route	amod
13	route	route	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 came	obl
14	than	than	SCONJ	_	16 went	mark
15	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 went	nsubj
16	went	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 came	parataxis
17	out	out	ADP	_	16 went	compound:prt
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 came	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	past	Ships		Spain	the Americas		by a northern route; home property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme from americas=Initial_Location to spain=Destination
2	go out	past	Ships = ship						vn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Why?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	root	root
2	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 Why	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Going out they used the trade winds, coming back the westerlies

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Going	go	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 used	csubj
2	out	out	ADP	_	1 Going	compound:prt
3	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 used	nsubj
4	used	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 winds	det
6	trade	trade	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 winds	compound
7	winds	wind	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 used	obj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 coming	punct
9	coming	come	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 used	advcl
10	back	back	ADV	_	9 coming	advmod
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 westerlies	det
12	westerlies	westerly	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 coming	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	go out	gerund			vn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	use	past	they	the trade winds	vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wind=Patient
3	come back	gerund	they not said here	the westerlies	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

The ships were lighter going home, so they could go faster up north

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 ships	det
2	ships	ship	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 lighter	nsubj
3	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 lighter	cop
4	lighter	light	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
5	going	go	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 lighter	advcl
6	home	home	ADV	_	5 going	advmod
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 go	punct
8	so	so	ADV	_	11 go	advmod
9	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 go	nsubj
10	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	11 go	aux
11	go	go	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 lighter	parataxis
12	faster	fast	ADV	Degree=Cmp	11 go	advmod
13	up	up	ADP	_	11 go	compound:prt
14	north	north	ADV	_	11 go	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	is	past	the ships	light property	tree rules
2	go	gerund	the ships not said here	home property	vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	go up	could	ships = ship	fast, north property	vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute

Option 3

The southern route was blocked by sea ice on the way back to Europe

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 route	det
2	southern	southern	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 route	amod
3	route	route	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 blocked	nsubj:pass
4	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 blocked	aux:pass
5	blocked	block	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	by	by	ADP	_	8 ice	case
7	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 ice	compound
8	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 blocked	obl
9	on	on	ADP	_	11 way	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 way	det
11	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 blocked	obl
12	back	back	ADV	_	11 way	advmod
13	to	to	ADP	_	14 Europe	case
14	Europe	Europe	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 way	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	block	past · passive	sea ice	the southern route		the way to Europe			vn concealment-16 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent subject=Patient on way=Location

Option 4

Sailors wanted to stop at different islands on the way home

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sailors	sailor	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 wanted	nsubj
2	wanted	want	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	PART	_	4 stop	mark
4	stop	stop	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 wanted	xcomp
5	at	at	ADP	_	7 islands	case
6	different	different	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 islands	amod
7	islands	island	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 stop	obl
8	on	on	ADP	_	10 way	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 way	det
10	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 stop	obl
11	home	home	ADV	_	10 way	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	want	past	Sailors						vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
2	stop not said to happen	to-infinitive	Sailors not said here			different islands		on the way	vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at island=Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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